🗺️ Cultural Regions
This region was known for huge grasslands and bison.
Great Plains
This word means the original inhabitants of a region.
Indigenous
This animal was brought to the Americas and later transformed life for some Plains peoples.
Horse
In this year, Columbus's expedition reached the Caribbean.
1492
European contact introduced these illnesses, which caused devastating epidemics.
diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza
This hot, dry region included Pueblo peoples such as the Hopi and Zuni.
Southwest
Corn, beans, and squash were commonly known by this nickname.
Sister Crops
Name TWO foods that traveled from the Americas to the Old World.
corn, potatoes, tomatoes, cacao, peppers, squash, tobacco
Columbus encountered these Indigenous people in the Caribbean.
Taíno
Give ONE way geography affected Indigenous housing.
answers vary
This region's peoples relied heavily on salmon and had access to large forests.
Northwest Coast
Name TWO ways Indigenous peoples adapted to their environments.
changing shelter, food sources, clothing, transportation, farming, hunting, fishing
Name TWO things that traveled from the Old World to the Americas.
horses, cattle, pigs, sheep, wheat, sugarcane, rice, coffee
True or False: All Indigenous nations responded to Europeans in the same way. Explain.
False, different nations responded differently
Why were Old World diseases especially destructive to many Indigenous communities?
many Indigenous populations had no previous exposure to these diseases, contributing to severe epidemics
Name THREE Indigenous cultural regions.
three correctly identified regions
Give THREE ways Indigenous nations responded to European arrival.
trade, diplomacy, resistance, alliances, migration, adaptation
Define the Columbian Exchange.
widespread movement of plants, animals, people, diseases, and ideas between the Americas and Afro-Eurasia following sustained contact
Name THREE types of interaction that occurred between Europeans and Indigenous peoples.
could include trade, cooperation, diplomacy, alliances, cultural exchange, competition, warfare/conflict
Explain ONE way horses changed life for some Indigenous peoples.
could include trade, cooperation, diplomacy, alliances, cultural exchange, competition, warfare/conflict
Compare the Great Plains and Southwest. Give TWO ways geography caused people to live differently.
environmental differences and connect them to food, housing, transportation, resources
Explain why it is inaccurate to describe Indigenous North America as having one single culture.
because North America contained many distinct peoples/nations with different environments, languages, governments, traditions, economies, and ways of life.
Give TWO effects of the Columbian Exchange and explain why each was important.
2
Explain why 1492 is considered a turning point rather than the beginning of American history.
because Indigenous peoples had lived throughout the Americas for thousands of years and had established societies before Columbus arrived.
Explain a cause-and-effect chain showing how European contact could disrupt an Indigenous community.
disease → population loss → fewer workers → less food production → community disruption.