Cities & Structures
Known for its advanced urban planning, this city is one of the largest in the Indus Valley Civilization.
What is Mohenjo-Daro?
These small carved objects, often depicting animals, were used for trade and identification.
What are seals?
This river provided fertile soil and water for the growth of the Indus Valley Civilization.
What is the Indus River?
The writing system of the Indus Valley remains undeciphered to this day.
What is the script?
Indus Valley residents exchanged goods such as beads and cotton with this neighboring region.
What is Mesopotamia?
The Indus Valley’s systematic approach to laying out cities included straight streets and efficient drainage.
What is urban planning?
This city’s name gave rise to an alternate name for the Indus Valley Civilization.
What is Harappa?
This material was used to make pottery, toys, and figurines in the Indus Valley Civilization.
What is terracotta?
This fertile land near the Indus River was used for farming and benefited from seasonal floods.
What is the floodplain?
These skilled workers in the Indus Valley created pottery, beads, and tools using advanced techniques.
Who are craftsmen?
This site is known for its sophisticated water conservation systems, including reservoirs.
What is Dholavira?
The primary livelihood in the Indus Valley Civilization, it included crops like wheat and barley.
What is agriculture (or farming)?
Found in the center of Indus cities, these fortified areas may have served administrative or religious purposes.
What is a citadel?
Tools, pottery, and jewelry found in Indus Valley excavations are examples of these.
What are artifacts?
India, the home of the Indus Valley Civilization, is part of this larger landmass.
What is the subcontinent?
This figure depicted on seals may represent an early form of the Hindu god Shiva.
What is Shiva Pashupati?
This soft stone was often used to make seals and ornaments in the Indus Valley.
What is steatite?
This metal was used to make tools, ornaments, and trade goods in the Indus Valley.
What is copper?
Likely used for ritualistic purposes, this large public water tank was located in Mohenjo-Daro.
What is the Great Bath?
This standardized system ensured fair trade and accurate construction in the Indus Valley.
What are weights and measures?
These seasonal winds brought vital rains for agriculture in the Indus Valley.
What are monsoons?
The Indus Valley Civilization excelled in this practice, ensuring uniformity in measurements and construction.
What is standardization?
A group of people who migrated into the Indian subcontinent after the decline of the Indus Valley Civilization.
Who are the Aryans?
Indus Valley trade relied on the exchange of goods such as beads, tools, and this early crop.
What is cotton?
This port city played a crucial role in maritime trade and housed an ancient dockyard.
What is Lothal?
This tool allowed Indus craftsmen to produce uniformly shaped pottery.
What is a potter’s wheel?
This advanced underground system managed waste and rainwater in Indus cities.
What is the drainage system?
These structures stored surplus grain, showcasing the civilization’s agricultural success.
What are granaries?
The word used to describe when the end of the Indus Valley Civilization may have been caused by climate change, invasions, or resource depletion.
What is decline?
The Indus Valley Civilization is considered part of this transitional period between prehistory and recorded history.
What is protohistory?