Cottage Industry
How did townspeople get what they needed to live in the Cottage Era?
They bartered and traded.
What was the Enclosure Act?
Great Britain said all land could be sold to private owners.
What is Urbanization?
The time when people migrated from rural country life to urban cities to look for work.
How did workers fight back against unsafe working conditions?
They formed Labor Unions.
What changed for children during the IR?
They began working in factories.
What job did most men have in the Cottage Era?
After the Enclosure Act, who owned most of the land?
Barrons, Nobles and rich farmers.
What kinds of modifications were made during Urbanization?
Factories, railroads, Steam engines, textile machines, tenements, skyscrapers.
What is a Labor Union?
A group of workers who fought for equality and labor reform.
What changed for women during the IR?
They began working outside the home.
What did most women do during the Cottage Era?
They made clothes at home.
What kinds of new inventions were there during the IR?
Textile machines and factories.
What were some negatives to Urbanization?
Pollution, disease, crime, low wages, child labor.
What did the Labor Unions fight for?
Safer working conditions and higher wages and child labor laws.
Who benefited most from machines and factories?
Rich investors who raised their capital by investing.
What is Capitalism?
An economic system where individuals have private ownership of their land and their belongings, as land was privately owned and sold to the highest bidder.
What is immigration?
When someone leaves one country and moves to another.
How did Capitalism affect the way people lived and worked during the IR?
They moved from small towns where they worked on farms to large cities and worked in factories.
Why was a Labor Union important for children?
Children needed to be protected from unsafe working conditions and long hours.
What kinds of conditions were there in the factories?
Unsafe, long hours, low wages.
What did Parliament pass to allow farms to be sold to private owners?
Enclosure Acts
How did the Enclosure movement impact Capitalism?
It led to large scale farming.
Which social class grew the most during the IR?
The middle/working class.
What kinds of labor Unions still exist today?
Teachers, nurses, flight attendants, electricians, pilots, mechanics, automobile, aerospace, farmers, etc.
What is Industrialization?
This process of growth of machines, technology, factories and cities.