IR and its causes
True or false: The Industrial Revolution happened all of a sudden in 1750.
False
What were the living conditions like for most people in the cities during the IR? (Give 2 adjectives)
Cramped, crowded, dirty, unsanitary, etc.
What is the meaning of child labour during the IR?
Harmful work for children in a factory
Which invention, invented by James Watt in 1769, generated energy using steam?
Watt steam engine
What do you call a radical change, occurring suddenly or over a period of time?
Revolution
What do we mean by "Population boom"
Population increased drastically (from 10 million in 1750 to 40 million in 1900)
Complete the sentence: "In the late 18th century, there was an urgent need for b________ r_______ and new faster ways of moving g_______ around the country."
better roads; goods
Give 3 reasons why children were used as labour during the IR
viewed as obedient workers, no affordable schooling, families needed the extra income, no laws to protect children, smaller and more agile, paid less than adults
Name 3 IR inventions
Steam engine, light bulb, anesthesia, aspirin, bicycle, cinema, airship, dynamite, sewing machine, typewriter, loom, wind up watch, engine, phonograph, photography, battery, radium, x-ray, telephone, vaccine, etc.
What do you call a system of deep holes under the ground from which coal is removed?
Coal mine
In what centuries did the industrial revolution happen?
18th and 19th (1750 to 1900)
What was the name of the popular type of house in England during the IR?
Back-to-back houses
What was the name of the series of laws passed by the British government to protect children workers?
The Factory Act
Who invented the dynamite?
Alfred Nobel
What is the definition of urban?
Life in the city
Name 3 factors that led to the Industrial Revolution
Population boom / Agriculture / Factories / Power / Transport / Empire
Name 2 new ways to travel during the IR.
Airship, train, canals, bicycle, etc.
After 1833, children under what age were not allowed to work?
9 years old
Name 6 inventions from the IR
Steam engine, light bulb, anesthesia, aspirin, bicycle, cinema, airship, dynamite, sewing machine, typewriter, loom, wind up watch, engine, phonograph, photography, battery, radium, x-ray, telephone, vaccine, etc.
What is urbanisation?
The growth of cities
Name all 6 causes of the Industrial Revolution
Population boom / Agriculture / Factories / Power / Transport / Empire
Why did people end up living in bad quality houses during the IR?
Growing population meant more food was needed so machines on farms replaced the farmers who lost their jobs and moved to the cities. Cheap and bad quality houses were built quickly to accommodate them.
After 1833, how many hours of school did children have to attend per day?
2 hours per day
Who invented the telephone?
Alexander Bell
What do you call the movement of people from the countryside to the cities?
Rural exodus