Causes
What natural resource was key to powering early factories and steam engines?
Coal
Who invented the steam engine?
James Watt
The movement of people from rural to urban areas is called what?
Urbanization
What is one method citizens can push for reform
protesting, boycotting, etc
What does the term urbanization mean?
The movement of people from rural areas to cities.
The Agricultural Revolution increased food production, which led to what population trend?
What invention by Eli Whitney made cleaning cotton faster?
cotton gin
How did the Industrial Revolution affect global trade
It increased production and led to the expansion of international markets and transportation networks.
What group of workers destroyed machines to protest job loss?
Luddites
What does entrepreneur mean?
A person who starts and manages a business, taking on financial risks.
What farming practice involved alternating crops to keep soil healthy?
Crop rotation
How did the steam locomotive change life during the Industrial Revolution?
It made travel and the transport of goods faster and cheaper.
What were overcrowded, poor-quality urban homes called?
tenements
What was the name for organizations of workers formed to demand better pay and conditions?
Labor unions
What does “industrialization” mean?
The process of developing machine-based manufacturing
Why did Britain’s geography give it an advantage during the Industrial Revolution?
Access to rivers, ports, and natural resources (like coal)
Who invented the seed drill, making planting more efficient?
Jethro Tull
What environmental issue grew worse due to factory smoke and waste?
pollution
What reform law limited the number of hours women and children could work in factories?
The Factory Act
Agricultural Revolution
Major improvements in farming methods and crop production.
What system replaced the domestic (cottage) system of production?
The factory system
Which invention initially powered the trains
steam engines
Name four effects of the Industrial Revolution
???
What book by Upton Sinclair exposed factory conditions in the meat industry?
The Jungle
What does labor union mean?
An organized group of workers formed to protect their rights and improve working conditions.