The Power of Invention
He improved the steam engine in 1764, providing the "energy revolution" needed to power boats and locomotives.
James Watt
These multistory buildings were divided into crowded, unsanitary apartments for the working class.
tenements
He developed the theory of evolution and "natural selection," which was later controversially applied to human society.
Charles Darwin
Louis Pasteur's discovery that microbes cause infectious diseases is known by this two-word name.
Germ theory
This artistic movement, featuring creators like Charles Dickens, aimed to depict the world exactly as it was.
Realism
This American inventor's "Cotton Gin" revolutionized the textile industry and boosted the Southern economy.
Eli Whitney
In 1750, most people traveled by horse; by 1850, they traveled by steamship or this "iron" mode of transport
train/railroad
This "Laissez-Faire" economist argued that a free market would produce more goods at lower prices for everyone
Adam Smith
This nurse in the Crimean War fought for hospital reform and improved sanitation to save soldiers' lives.
Florence Nightingale
This "emotional" art movement included the music of Ludwig van Beethoven and the poetry of Lord Byron
Romanticism
This Swedish chemist invented dynamite and used his fortune to establish a namesake series of global prizes
Alfred Nobel
The movement of people from rural areas to cities, causing towns like Manchester to explode in size.
Urbanization
This ideology measured right and wrong by "the greatest happiness for the greatest number."
Utilitarianism
This Scottish surgeon reduced post-surgical deaths by recognizing the need for cleanliness and antiseptics.
Joseph Lister
This term describes the right of women to vote, a major goal of Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Sojourner Truth.
Women's Suffrage
This 19th-century production method involves a product moving along a belt while workers perform repetitive tasks.
Assembly Line
This process involved consolidating common lands into large, private farms, displacing many peasant farmers.
Enclosure Movement
This religious movement urged Christians to perform social service, leading to the creation of the Salvation Army.
Social Gospel
This drug, which prevents pain during surgery, was a major medical milestone of the era.
Anesthetic
Claude Monet was a leader of this movement, which sought to capture fleeting visual "impressions" of light
Impressionism
He developed a process to manufacture steel more cheaply and quickly, making skyscrapers and railroads possible.
Henry Bessemer
Before factories, this "system" involved tasks being distributed to individuals who worked in their own homes.
putting-out system (or cottage industry)
He predicted that the human population would always outgrow the food supply, making poverty unavoidable.
This English scientist developed the modern Atomic Theory.
John Dalton
This 1848 convention in New York marked the start of the organized women’s rights movement in the U.S.
Seneca Falls Convention