Industrial Revolution – Technology & Economy
What was the Industrial Revolution?
A shift from handmade goods to machine-based manufacturing
What man-made river connected Lake Erie to New York City?
Erie Canal
What was Manifest Destiny?
The belief the U.S. should expand from the Atlantic to the Pacific
What land did the United States gain after the U.S.-Mexican War?
Mexican Cession
What religious movement encouraged Americans to reform society?
Second Great Awakening
Why did the Industrial Revolution begin in New England?
Fast-moving rivers provided power for machines
How did canals, steamboats, and railroads affect prices?
They lowered transportation costs
Which president promised to achieve Manifest Destiny in 1844?
James K. Polk
Which treaty ended the U.S.-Mexican War?
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
What reformer worked to improve prisons and mental health facilities?
Dorothea Dix
What invention removed seeds from cotton quickly?
Cotton gin
What term describes the movement of people from rural areas to cities?
Urbanization
How did the United States gain the southern part of the Oregon Territory?
Treaty with Britain at the 49th parallel
Why did Chinese immigrants come to the United States during the Gold Rush?
Economic opportunities
What movement sought to end slavery?
Abolition movement
What was the purpose of interchangeable parts?
To make goods faster and cheaper through mass production
Why did many Irish immigrants come to the United States?
Potato famine
What caused the U.S.-Mexican War?
Boundary disputes over Texas
Why did the Mormons migrate to Utah?
To escape religious persecution
What is civil disobedience?
Peacefully refusing to obey unjust laws
What economic system allows people to buy and sell with little government interference?
Free enterprise
What belief blamed immigrants for job competition and social problems?
Nativism
What event brought thousands of people to California in 1849?
California Gold Rush
Who led the Mormons to Utah after Joseph Smith’s death?
Brigham Young
What convention launched the women’s rights movement?
Seneca Falls Convention