Beginnings
Where did the Industrial Revolution Begin
Britain
What is industrialization?
Using machines, factories, and mills to create goods and the production of mills and factories
Which pays more farm work or factory work?
Factory work
Name a country that industrialization spread to.
Italy
France
Germany
Belgium
What is a union?
group formed by workers to work for their benefit and protection related to their jobs.
Name two changes in farming made the Revolution possible?
Enclosures and Crop Rotation
What is a factory?
What is the name for people moving to cities and leaving the countryside?
Urbanization
Why did cities expand in the US during this period
location on railroad lines
Name a reform law
1842 Mines Act
1847 limited workday for women and children
1904 US ends child labor
US sets maximum hours
What is crop rotation
switching crops each year to avoid ruining the land
Name two improvements to transportation that allowed industrialization to work.
steam engine
steamboat
steam locomotives
road improvements
What are 3 negatives for people living in British cities during this time?
sickness
epidemics
lack of sanitary codes poor education
lack of building codes
lack of housing lack of police fire services
When did Industrialization expand in the US?
After the Civil War
What is socialism?
Production and its parts are owned by the people and is used for their good.
Why were Enclosures important?
It allowed large farms and experiments with farming
What inventions drove industrialization?
Cotton Gin
flying shuttle
Spinning Jenny
Water frame
What were 3 positive and/or long term impacts?
Makes country richer
expands education
cheaper clothes
more tax $ so more government spending on services
better food to eat
eventually better working conditions
technological progress
What is one way the relationship between industrialized nations and other nations change?
The industrialized nations began colonization to supply their raw material needs and create markets
What is Capitalism?
Privately owned companies working to make profits
1700s
What did Britain have that allowed this industrial revolution?
natural resources (coal, iron rivers, harbors)
Cash (expanding economy) to spend on goods and build factories
17 years
company owned by stockholders
What is laissez faire policy?
Economic policy where government does not interfere with businesses.