I am Imune
This is the acronym for remembering all the immunoglobulins?
what is GAMED?
This cell has CD4 surface protein
What is T-helper cell?
This antibiotic is known for causing stained teeth
What is tetracyclines?
This cell has CD8 surface protein
What is the Cytotoxic T-cell?
Describe sepsis
What is the microbial invasion of the bloodstream causing systemic inflammatory response (vasodilation, edema, fever)
Define epidemiology
What is the study of causes, distribution and control of disease in populations.The goal is to develop strategies that eliminate or try to stop the spread of an infectious agent.
This is the mechanism of action of penicillins
what is Disruption of cell walls, increased permeability?
Name 3 manifestations for a transfusion reaction
What are: fever, chills, tachycardia, anxiousness, nausea and vomiting?
These are the four ways antibiotics work
What are:
1. Cell wall inhibitors
2. Protein synthesis inhibitors
3. Folic acid inhibitors (sulfonamides)
4. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors (antivirals)
These are the functions of the B lymphocytes
What are:
-they produce antibodies (have an antibody-like receptor on cell surface)
-carry many copies of identical B-cell receptors
-they only respond to one antigen
-they are also memory cells
This is the method of pathogenicity of viruses
What is destruction, alteration, transformation
This causes antimicrobial resistance?
What is subtherapeutic dosing, excessive use of antibiotics, resistant strains emerge after a course of antibiotics
These are the 5 clinical stages of infectious disease (define them too)
What are:
Incubation - Entrance into host, Microbial replication, No symptoms
Prodromal- Initial appearance of symptoms , Vague and non specific
Acute- Containment, Immune system is eliminating microbe, Tissue repair begins
Resolution - Total elimination of pathogen
Name 4 nursing interventions for immunodeficiencies
assessing for infection, nutritional status, stress levels
-lab values
-response to treatment
-assess pts immune status
-previous infections
-type and frequency of infection
-unusual signs and changes in physical status
-preventing infection
-patient education
These are the functions of antibodies (name 5)
What are:
Precipitation
Agglutination
Neutralization
Opsonization
Complement Activation
These are the 4 ways antibiotics work
What are
1. Cell wall inhibitors
2. Protein synthesis inhibitors
3. Folic acid inhibitors
4. Reverse transcriptase inhibitors
These are the mechanisms of antibiotic resistance
What are:
1. Microbes may elaborate drug- metabolizing enzymes
2. May cease active uptake of certain drugs
3. Microbial drug receptors may undergo change, resulting in decrease antibiotic binding and action
4. Microbes may synthesize compounds that antagonize drug action.
These are the 5 functions of antibodies
What are:
1.) precipitation-large complexes with antigens
2.) agglutination-cross chains with antigens
3.) Neutralization-of bacterial toxins
4.) Opsonization-coating the antigen, making it more available to phagocytes
5.) complement activation-triggers complement and membrane attack complex
These are drug treatments for type 1 hypersensitivity
What are:
antihistamines (blocks effects of histamine)
-beta-adrenergics (stimulate SNS)
-corticosteroids (decrease inflammation)
-anticholinergics (block PNS)
These are the 5 clinical stages of an infectious disease?
what are
incubation (entrance into host, microbial replication, no symptoms)
Prodromal ( initial appearance of symptoms, vague, non-specific)
Acute (maximum impact of disease, overt disease symptoms, rapid replication of microbe)
Convalescent (containment, immune system is eliminating microbe, tissue repair begins)
Resolution (total elimination of pathogen)