A place where microorganisms survive, multiply, and await transfer to a susceptible host.
What is a reservoir?
100
Microorganisms that do not usually cause disease when residing in their usual area of the body and participate in maintaining health.
What is normal flora?
100
The most common cause of communicable illness in young or middle-age adults.
What are viruses?
100
These precautions protect the patient and provide protection for the health care worker.
What are standard precautions?
100
Length of nails when providing patient care.
What is 1/4 inch from the fingertip?
200
Aerobic bacteria require this for survival and for multiplication sufficient to cause disease.
What is oxygen?
200
This condition can develop when broad-spectrum antibiotics eliminate a wide range of normal flora organisms, not just those causing infection.
What is superinfection?
200
Specialized clothing or equipment worn by a health care worker for protection against infectious materials.
What is Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)?
200
Minimum length of time hands should be washed.
What is 15 seconds?
300
Permanent microorganisms that are always on the skin
What are resident flora?
300
The cellular response of the body to injury, infection, or irritation.
What is inflammation?
300
The response of the body to emotional or physical stress.
What is the general adaptation syndrome?
300
The type of precaution is used for direct and indirect contact with patients and their environment.
What is contact precautions?
300
This should be used to turn off the faucet after handwashing and drying is complete.
What is a clean, dry paper towel.
400
The ideal temperature range for most human pathogens (in degrees Celsius)
What is 20-43 degrees Celsius?
400
A process that involves the destruction and absorption of bacteria.
What is phagocytosis?
400
This type of precaution requires that health care workers wear an N95 mask every time they enter the patient's room.
What is airborne precautions?
400
This area of the hand is highly contaminated and increases the risk of infection.
What is under fingernails?
500
A temperature or chemical that destroys bacteria is called?
What is bactericidal?
500
This condition occurs as a result of invasive procedures, antibiotic administration, the presence of multidrug-resistant organisms, and breaks in infection prevention and control activities.
What is health care-associated infections?
500
Age, nutritional status, stress, and disease processes.
What are factors influencing infection prevention and control?
500
This type of precaution applies to patients with influenza.
What is droplet precautions?
500
Only hand hygiene with soap and water is effective to physically remove the spores of this infectious agent from the hands.