Naming
Pathogenesis
100
Name the pathogen associated with enteric fever. How is it transmitted?
•Salmonella typhi and salmonella paratyphi causes typhoid/enteric fever (systemic illness/abdominal symptoms)
•Transmission through fecal-oral contaminated food or water. Mainly colonizes humans
100
What are the two toxins of ETEC and their mechanism of action?
•Heat-labile (LT) and heat-stable (ST) secretory toxins.
•LT action similar to cholera toxin – via cyclic AMP, secretes Cl- from crypt cells, inhibits absorption of NaCl at villus tips.
•ST – via cyclic GMP, chloride secretion and inhibition of NaCl absorption
200
Name the microbes associated with this image?
Entamoeba's trophozoite (endocytosed RBCs)
200
Name foods and toxin associated with C. perfringens diarrhea?
Pig intestines and sweet potatoes (also meats/poultry/gravy)
Spore that germinates after consumption
300
Name food associated with Salmonella spp.
•Raw eggs
•Unpasteurized milk/juice
•Unpasteurized soft cheeses
•Undercooked meat or poultry
300
C. difficile is commonly acquired in what sort of environment and after administration of what? What are its 2 toxins?
•Can occur up to 6 weeks after antibiotic administration
•Readily cultured from hospital environment (e.g., items in pt rooms and hands/clothing/stethoscopes of healthcare workers)
•Toxin A and Toxin B
400
Name the microbes associated with raw seafood
•Norwalk
•Hep A
•Vibrio spp. (parahaemolyticus and vulnificus, NOT cholera)
400
Cryptosporidiosis causes obstruction in which tract and in patients with which disease.
Infection stricture of biliary tract - cholangiopathy
Occurs in AIDS patients
500
Name organisms that cause non-inflammatory diarrhea (5)
•Rotavirus
•Norovirus
•Giardia
•Cryptosporidium
•Vibrio cholera
500
A patient with _____ should be cautious about eating raw oysters. Why?
•If healthy individuals eat oysters with vibrio, they may have diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain
•Cirrhotic patient - high risk. If they eat oysters with V. vulnificus, they can get necrotizing cellulitis and sepsis
•sudden chills, fever, shock, skin lesions