Immunology
The difference between plasma B cells and memory B cells
Plasma cells create antibodies themselves while memory cells are vital for adaptive immunity
A 15-year-old boy has fever, sore throat, muffled “hot potato” voice, and unilateral swelling with uvular deviation
Peritonsillar abscess
Ouch. This is the most common enanthem presentation of varicella zoster (Type of lesions and location)
Vesicles that erode on the palate
Herpes simplex keratitis shows this interesting feature when fluorescein stain is used on the affected eye.
Epithelial dendrites
A 5-year-old with sore throat and muffled voice has lateral neck swelling. CT shows a collection posterior to the pharynx. This is the best treatment for his condition.
IV antibiotics and surgical I&D
This fundamental characteristic of leukocytes is critical for immunity; It is their ability to recognize self from non-self
Tolerance
Pt presents to the ER with uncontrollable drooling, wide-open mouth breathing, and is in acute respiratory distress. Lateral neck x ray shows this common sign shown here
Thumbprint sign
This possible complication of mumps infection in males is why Jake and Captain Holt pull the frozen food out of their pants
Pt presents with excessive tearing, photophobia, FB sensation in the eye, and intermittent blurred vision. This non-pharmacological treatment is effective at treating this infection
Diluted baby shampoo and massage
A 7 year old boy with sore throat, petechiae on his oropharynx, and a fever presents with a sandpaper-like rash. This bacteria is causing both his systemic symptoms and exanthem.
Group A beta hemolytic Strep
The second time is always worse than the first; These proteins bind to mast cells, causing them to become sensitized
IgE antibodies
A 70 year old with dentures presents with erythema and soreness at the corners of his mouth.
Angular cheilosis
An 8 year old pt presents to the office with erythematous plaques on cheeks w/ circumoral pallor. She is febrile, and complains of HA and fatigue. While answering musculoskeletal ROS questions, she tells you two very interesting common symptoms.
Arthritis and arthralgias of the hands, wrist, knees, and other joints
This is why we prescribe fluoroquinolone eye drops are prescribed to contact lens wearers who present with bacterial conjunctivitis (pathogen)
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
This condition shown in the picture above is commonly coinfected with this other condition.
Tinea pedis
CD8 cells main function in the immune response
Natural killer cells; Eliminate viral infected or neoplastic cells
A 22 year old pt develops a generalized rash after being treated with amoxicillin. He has been prescribed amoxicillin and PCN in the past and has shown no signs of hypersensitivity. This is another common cause of rash after being treated with amoxicillin
Mononucleosis
Ramsay Hunt Syndrome
A patient with shingles develops progressive vision loss. This is due to this possible complication of HZV infection
Acute Retinal Necrosis Syndrome
A child has honey-colored crusted lesions around the nose after a URI. His sister develops flaccid bullae that rupture, leaving thin brown crusts. These bullae are caused by this bacteria and its toxin (pathogen and toxin name)
Exfoliative toxin A from Staph. aureues
CD4 cells respond to the phagocytizing actions of these two antigen presenting cells (APCs)
Macrophages and dendritic cells
A 60 year old woman with recurrent oral candidiasis now requires systemic antifungal treatment. This is considered the best pharmaceutical treatment.
Oral fluconazole
A 6-year-old develops fever, sore throat, conjunctivitis, and pharyngitis after swimming lessons. The triad suggests this adenoviral syndrome
Adenoviral pharyngoconjunctival fever
A 14-year-old boy presents with fever, severe headache, and painful left eye swelling that developed after an episode of maxillary sinusitis. On exam, he has proptosis, chemosis, and restricted extraocular movements. Over the next 24 hours, he develops similar swelling of the right eyelid, cranial nerve VI palsy, and decreased visual acuity. This is because of this possibly deadly complication of this condition
Cavernous sinus thrombosis d/t untreated post septal cellulitis
A middle schooler presents to the office with painful macules and vesicles on his palms, soles, and buttocks. He reports having similar lesions when he was in grade school. You decide to educate him on possible severe complications and one weird thing to expect after the lesions have disappeared. (2 severe, 1 weird complication)
CNS and cardiopulmonary complications; Nails tend to fall off