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Understanding Infectious Disease
Sepsis
Common Infectious Diseases
Emerging Infectious Diseases
Vocabulary
100
Infectious diseases are caused by _________________.
Pathogens
100

What is a Sepsis?

an overreaction of the body's immune system causing damage to one or more tissues and organs.

100
What type of pathogen is bacterial meningitis?
Bacterial disease
100

This is an unusually high occurrence of a disease in a certain place during a certain period of time.

Epidemic

100

Openings in your body such as your mouth, eyes, and ears are covered by protective linings called ________ _________.

Mucous membranes

200
What type of pathogen is athlete’s foot?
Fungi
200

Name two common organs or tissue that sepsis targets!

lungs, GI, Pancreas, urinary tract, ostomies, pressure sores/decubitis ulcers, brain

200

What is the most sever type of hepatitis and why?

Hepatitis C because there is no vaccine. This is the number one reason for liver transplants in the US.

200

West Nile Virus, Yellow fever, and Dengue fever all spread by what?

A bite from a mosquito.

200

This fights disease by producing a separate set of weapons for each kind of pathogen it encounters.

Immune system

300
The smallest pathogens are called ___________.
Viruses
300
Name three signs that you may see as an EMT indicating, possible sepsis.

temp lower than 96.8 or higher than 101

heart rate > 90 

respiratory rate > 20

Systolic BP < 90

new onset AMS

300

Antibiotics are usually prescribes to treat diseases caused by ________________.

Bacteria

300
A _________ __________ is an infectious disease that is becoming increasingly popular in humans within the last 20 years or threatens to become more common in the future.
Emerging disease
300
What is a vaccine/ what do they contain?
Vaccines contain small amounts of dead or modified pathogens or their toxins.
400
Name four types of pathogens
Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoans.
400

What type of alert do you activate when calling the ED

sepsis alert

400
What part of the body does hepatitis affect?
The liver.
400
How did mad cow disease emerge? Hint: what category of “how diseases emerge”
Global food supply.
400

Define communicable disease and name one

a disease that can be passed from one individual to another, by direct or contact with infected person's secretions.

covid, meningitis, flu, cold

500
What are four ways that infectious diseases can spread?
Contact with an infected person, an infected animal, contaminated objects, contaminated food, soil, or water.
500

How will a sepsis alert help the patient?

it gives the staff advance warning so that they can focus resources on this patient.  Early diagnosis leads to earlier treatment and higher survival rates.

500
Name two viral diseases.
The common cold, influenza, pneumonia, and hepatitis.
500

Name three of the five reasons why diseases emerge

Contact with infected animals, drug resistance, lack of immunization, international travel, global food supply.

500
What is a pathogen?
Microorganisms and viruses that cause disease. Pathogens can cause diseases when they enter your body and multiply.