Show:
It's your skin
Maculopapular rashes
Other skin diseases
Eye diseases
It's your eyes
100
The skin, together with the hair, nails, and sweat and oil glands, forms the
What is the integument
100
The _________ virus induces the cell membranes of adjacent host cells to fuse into large syncytia (sin-sish′-uh), giant cells with many nuclei. These cells no longer perform their proper function. The virus seems proficient at disabling many aspects of the host immune response, especially cell-mediated immunity and delayed-type hypersensitivity.
What is measles?
100
The “lesion” of ________ looks variously like peeling skin, crusty and flaky scabs, or honey-colored crusts. Lesions are most often found around the mouth, face, and extremities, though they can occur anywhere on the skin. It is very superficial and it itches. The infection is usually caused by Staphylococcus or Streptococcus.
What is impetigo?
100
Most bacterial infections produce a milky discharge, whereas viral infections tend to produce a clear watery exudate. It is typical for a patient to wake up in the morning with an eye “glued” shut by secretions that have accumulated and solidified through the night.
What is conjunctivitis?
100
The __________ is a very thin membrane-like tissue that covers the eye (except for the cornea) and lines the eyelids.
What is conjunctiva?
200
The sebaceous glands' secretion, called __________, has a low pH, which makes the skin inhospitable to most microorganisms.
What is sebum?
200
The two clinical forms of rubella are referred to as postnatal infection, which develops in children or adults, and ___________ infection of the fetus, expressed in the newborn as various types of birth defects.
What is congenital (prenatal)
200
_________ generally follows introduction of bacteria or fungi into the dermis, either through trauma or by subtle means (with no obvious break in the skin). The most common causes of the condition in healthy people are Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus pyogenes
What is Cellulitis?
200
Newborn children in the United States are administered antimicrobials in their eyes after delivery to prevent neonatal conjunctivitis from either _____________ or ______________.
What is Neisseria gonorrhoeae or Chlamydia trachomatis?
200
The ________ is the dome-shaped central portion of the eye lying over the iris (the colored part of the eye). It has five to six layers of epithelial cells that can regenerate quickly if they are superficially damaged. It has been called “the windshield of the eye.”
What is the cornea?
300
____________ is an enzyme found in sweat (and tears and saliva) that specifically breaks down peptidoglycan, which is a unique component of bacterial cell walls.
What is Lysozyme?
300
_________ __________is a very mild disease that often results in a characteristic “slapped-cheek” appearance because of a confluent reddish rash that begins on the face.
What is Fifth disease?
300
This syndrome is another dermolytic condition caused by Staphylococcus aureus. It affects mostly newborns and babies. A split occurs in the epidermal tissue layers just above the stratum basale. Widespread desquamation of the skin follows, leading to the burned appearance of skin.
What is Scalded skin syndrome?
300
Viral conjunctivitis is commonly caused by _____________, although other viruses may be responsible.
What is adenoviruses?
300
The eye's best defense is the film of _______, which consists of an aqueous fluid, oil, and mucus. They contain sugars, lysozyme, and lactoferrin. These last two substances have antimicrobial properties.
What is tears?
400
Millions of cells from the __________ layer of skin slough off every day, and attached microorganisms slough off with them.
What is stratum corneum?
400
____________ is caused by a human herpesvirus called HHV-6, and sometimes by HHV-7. Like all herpesviruses, it can remain latent in its host indefinitely after the disease has cleared. Children sick with this disease exhibit a high fever (up to 41°C, or 105°F) that comes on quickly and lasts for up to 3 days.
What is Roseola?
400
After an incubation period of 10 to 20 days, the first symptoms to appear are fever and an abundant rash that begins on the scalp, face, and trunk and radiates in sparse crops to the extremities. Skin lesions progress quickly from macules and papules to itchy vesicles filled with a clear fluid. In several days, they encrust and drop off, usually healing completely but sometimes leaving a tiny pit or scar.
What is Chicken pox?
400
____________ is a more serious eye infection than conjunctivitis. Invasion of deeper eye tissues occurs and can lead to complete corneal destruction. Any microorganism can cause this condition, especially after trauma to the eye, but this section focuses on one of the more common causes: herpes simplex virus.
What is Keratitis?
400
The tears are formed in the ________ gland at the outer and upper corner of each eye, and they drain into the _________ duct at the inner corner.
What is lacrimal?
500
Microbes that do live on the skin surface as normal biota must be capable of living in the dry, salty conditions they find there. Predominant bacterial genera are __________, __________, ____________, and ______________.
What is Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Propionibacterium, and Corynebacterium?
500
________ _________ a disease that has primary symptoms elsewhere but can produce a distinctive red rash on the skin as well and is most often the result of a respiratory infection with Streptococcus pyogenes (most often, pharyngitis)
What is Scarlet fever?
500
It is caused by endospores entering the skin through small cuts or abrasions. Germination and growth of the pathogen in the skin are marked by the production of a papule that becomes increasingly necrotic and later ruptures to form a painless, black eschar
What is cutaneous anthrax?
500
In the last few years, another form of keratitis has been increasing in incidence. An amoeba called _____________ has been causing serious keratitis cases, especially in people who wear contact lenses. This free-living amoeba is everywhere—it lives in tap water, freshwater lakes, and the like.
What is Acanthamoeba?
500
The sparse few bacteria that are found on the eye resemble the normal biota of the skin—namely, ___________, _________, _____________, and _______________.
What is staphylococci, streptococci, Corynebacterium, and some yeast?