Father of microbiology, first to see microorganisms, first to build powerful enough microscope to see the microorganism
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
100
A set of 4 rules that show that a particular organism is the cause of the disease
Koch Postulates/Rules
100
It was a chemical that Joseph Lister used to spray all over the operating room, on the bandages, on the tools, on the hands of the surgeons…etc. lowered the number of infections.
Carbolic acid
100
disease pattern: a disease appears in an area, not normally ever found in that area. “pops up”
Sporadic
100
disease pattern: if an epidemic is widespread thoughout a large region like a country, continent or globe
Pandemic
200
Italian scientist, provided early evidence against spontaneous generation [meat and maggots]
Francesco Redi
200
proposed that living things only arise from other living organisms. “life comes from life” in all cases
Biogenesis
200
lifeless substances, for example meat, could suddenly give rise to new living organisms, “life comes from non-life” in some cases
spontaneous generation
200
the transfer of new DNA to a bacteria from a virus
Transduction
200
A process of heating a liquid to a specific temperature that kills most bacteria
Pasteurization
300
French scientist, work mainly on contamination of foods, also did work on diseases. He first proposed the Germ Theory
Louis Pasteur
300
Bacteria are not born with resistance, they get receive new DNA to be resistant
Acquired resistance
300
this is what van Leeuwenhoek called the first “tiny animals” he saw under the microscope
Animalcules
300
bacteria take up DNA from the environment
Transformation
300
Antimicrobial substances that are applied to living tissue/skin to reduce the possibility of infection. outside of the body!
Antiseptic
400
continued the germ theory, make rules to find which pathogen is responsible for a particular disease. He used the anthrax bacteria that affected cattle for his rules.
Robert Koch
400
first antibiotic discovered (from a fungus) and used in humans.
Penicillin
400
states that some diseases are caused by microorganisms
Germ theory
400
type of prescription drug that kills or inhibits the growth of microorganisms. INSIDE BODY!!
Antibiotic
400
disease pattern: a particular disease will have a large outbreak in an area and afflict many people
Epidemic
500
promoted the idea antiseptic surgery(clean clothes, hands, tools, bandages
Joseph Lister
500
Bacteria may be inherently (born with) resistance to an antibiotic
Inherent or Natural resistance
500
a bacteria is able to survive after exposure to an antibiotic
resistance
500
is the transfer of new DNA between bacterial cells by direct contact like a "bridge"
Conjugation
500
Disease pattern:continually are found in small amounts within a population.