Infective endocarditis
Diagnostics/Assessment
Myocarditis and Pericarditis
Pharmacology
Structural Cardiac Disorders
100

Inflammation of the innermost lining of the heart and affects the heart valves

What is infective endocarditis?

100

This diagnostic test shows valve structure, function, and heart chamber size

What is echocardiography?

100

This is a focal or diffuse inflammation of the myocardium, as a result of invasion of myocytes causing cellular damage and necrosis, resulting in cardiac dysfunction and has been linked with dilated cardiomyopathy

What is myocarditis

100

These 4 classes of medications are used in the conservative/medical management of valvular heart disease. 

What are vasodilators, positive inotropes, diuretics, and beta-blockers?

100

This condition is described by incomplete closure of valve leaflets. 

What regurgitation?

200

This treatment is recommended for patients with specific cardiac conditions before they undergo certain procedures (dental, respiratory, etc.)

What is prophylactic antibiotic therapy?

200

This diagnostic test detects pressure changes in the heart chambers, records pressure differences across the valves, and measures the size of valve openings. 

What is heart catheterization?

200

This virus is the most common etiologic agent in the development of myocarditis.

What is coxsackievirus types A & B?

200

This medication is first-line therapy for the patient with acute pericarditis. 

What is an NSAID?

200

This medication manages chest pain and palpitations for the patient with mitral valve prolapse.

What is a beta blocker?

300

Most common causative organisms of IE

What are staphyloccocus aureus and streptococcus viridans

300

This blood value is monitored for therapeutic levels of antibiotics.

What is renal function?

300

This condition is a severe sharp chest pain pleuritic in nature, that generally get worst with inspiration and lying supine, relieved by sitting up.

What is pericarditis?

300

Used in the treatment of warfarin related bleeding with a peak effect of 12 hours when given IV and 24 hours when given PO.

What is Vitamin K?

300

A strong, quick beat that collapses immediately in patients with severe chronic aortic valve regurgitation. 

what is a "water-hammer" pulse?

400

The loss of portions of vegetations into circulation results in this complication. It can result form left-sided (progressed to various organs) or right sided heart vegetation (to the lungs).

What is embolization?

400

You assess this......., together with vital signs to detect a murmur or a change in the character of a preexixting murmur, and the presence of extradiastolic sounds

What are heart sounds?

400

You do this to differentiate pericardial friction rub from pleuritic friction rub.

What is timing friction rub with pulse (not respiration)?

400

This medication should be used cautiously/avoided in the patient with aortic valve stenosis.

What is nitroglycerin?

400
Aortic regurgitation, emboli, ventricular perforation, aortic valve rupture, ventricular dysrhythmia, and bleeding.

What is the post procedure assessment for aortic balloon valvuloplasty?

500

(a) Painful, tender, red or purple, pea-size lesions found on fingers and toes (b) flat, painless red spots found on palmes and soles

What are osler's nodes and janeway's lesions?

500

The anatomic location to best hear abnormalities of the pulmonic valve.

What is left sternal border, second intercostal space?

500

This is a priority nursing diagnosis for the patient with myocarditis.

What is decreased cardiac output?

500

Invasive procedures should be avoided for 24 hours after administration of this type of medication. 

What is a thrombolytic?

500

Severe dyspnea, chest pain, hypotension, confusion, and tachycardia.

What are signs of cardiogenic shock?