Rhetorical Appeal
Which author's purpose (P.I.E) do we use for rhetorical appeal (ethos, pathos, and logos)?
Persuade
What is the difference between a text feature and a text structure?
Text feature = visual aids in a text
Text structure = how the information is organized
What is the difference between a reliable, relevant, and credible source?
Reliable- consistent and accurate information
Relevant- matches your content
Credible- trustworthy
Claim, reason, evidence, explanation, counterclaim, rebuttal
What is the central idea?
The main idea that the author is trying ot get across to the reader.
What is the difference between ethos, pathos, and logos?
Ethos- ethical appeal (credible/trustworthy)
Pathos- emotional appeal (empathy)
Logos- logical appeal (data/facts/statistics)
List 3 text features.
List 3 text structures.
Text Features to accept: pictures, diagrams, captions, headings, subheadings, title, index, glossary, table of contents, etc.
Text Structures to accept: description, sequence, cause and effect, problem and solution, compare and contrast
Should a research question be objective or subjective? What is the difference between the two?
Should be objective!
Objective = facts
Subjective = opinions
Explain the purpose of each part of the argument: claim, reason, evidence, explanation, counterclaim, rebuttal
Claim- what do I believe (my opinion)
Reason- why do I believe my claim?
Evidence- what information backs up my claim?
Explanation- why is this information important in explaining my claim?
Counterclaim- someone's argument against my own
Rebuttal- a solid restatement of the claim; refutes the counterclaim
How is the central idea different from key details?
Key details help to make up the central idea, but are not themselves a central idea.
A commercial says, “9 out of 10 dentists recommend this toothpaste.”
What rhetorical appeal is being used?
Logos- uses statistics and facts
A nonfiction article includes bolded vocabulary words and definitions at the bottom of the page.
What text feature is being used?
Bold print or glossary
You are citing a book written by John Smith, and you found information on page 45.
What is the correct MLA in-text citation?
(Smith 45)
Read the statement:
“School uniforms should be required in all schools.”
What part of an argument is this?
Claim
Read the excerpt:
Exercise helps people stay healthy. It improves heart health, builds strength, and increases energy.
What is a key detail that would help you to find the centrail idea?
Exercise helps people stay healthy.
A speaker says, “As a firefighter with 20 years of experience, I know how important fire safety is.”
What rhetorical appeal is being used, and why?
Ethos- uses credibility/expertise
Read the paragraph:
Many students stay up late playing video games. As a result, they are often tired at school and struggle to focus.
What text structure is used?
Cause and Effect
You are using an article titled “The Benefits of Sleep” with no author listed.
What is the correct MLA in-text citation?
("Benefits of Sleep")
Read the excerpt:
Students should have less homework because it reduces stress. Studies show that too much homework can lead to anxiety in students.
Identify the reason and the evidence.
Read the paragraph:
Many students struggle with time management. They often wait until the last minute to complete assignments, which leads to stress and lower-quality work. Learning to plan ahead can help students feel more prepared and successful.
What is the central idea?
Good time management helps students reduce stress and be more successful.
“Every night, thousands of animals shiver alone in shelters. Your donation could give them warmth, safety, and love.”
What rhetorical appeal is being used, and what words create this appeal?
Pathos- emotional appeal (shiver, alone, warmth, safety, love)
An article includes:
Name two text features and identify the text structure.
Text Features: Heading, Diagram
Text Structure: Sequence / Chronological Order
A. John Smith. “Healthy Habits.” Healthline, 2022
B. Smith, John. “Healthy Habits” Healthline 2022
C. Smith, John. “Healthy Habits.” Healthline, 2022.
D. Smith John “Healthy Habits.” Healthline 2022
C. Smith, John. “Healthy Habits.” Healthline, 2022.
Read the excerpt:
Schools should start later because students need more sleep. Research shows that well-rested students perform better in class. Some people argue that starting later would interfere with after-school activities. However, students who are well-rested are more focused and productive.
Identify the counterclaim and the rebuttal.
Read the paragraph:
Recycling helps reduce waste in landfills and saves natural resources. It also decreases pollution and helps protect wildlife. Many communities encourage recycling by providing bins and services.
Identify two central ideas from this paragraph.