Text Structure
John Michael Kohler was an Austrian immigrant to America. He founded the Kohler Company in 1873. This company made steel and iron products, such as plows and other farm tools. In 1880, the factory burned to the ground. A new one was built in Sheboygan, Wisconsin. An enameling shop was added to the factory. Kohler changed a cast-iron horse trough by covering it with an enamel finish in 1883. He also added four decorative feet to the bottom of it. This created the world's first clawfoot bathtub. The Kohler Company quickly shifted to making these bathtubs.
A new factory was built on 2l acres of farmland in Riverside, Wisconsin. The Kohler Company moved here in 1899. Another fire shut down this factory in 1901 Renovations to the Riverside factory were completed by 1902. Production then returned.
By 1921, only about l. of American homes had a bathtub. Many rural areas didn't have indoor plumbing yet. They were still using outhouses. Both running water and indoor plumbing were more widely available by the 1930s. This led to a change in bathtubs. Apron-front drop-in bathtubs replaced clawfoot tubs during the 1930s through the 1950s. These tubs were made of acrylic and fiberglass. This made them lighter and much easier to install.
The Kohler Company offered bathroom fixtures as well as tubs by 1965. More colors than just white became available, as well. Bold colors such as Harvest Gold, Blueberry, and Antique Red were popular. Shower stalls and shower/tub combinations were added to the mix in 1969.
Nowadays, people can get tubs, showers, and fixtures in a variety of colors, shapes, and materials. They can also buy from many different companies. Some homeowners are even deciding to go back to freestanding tubs like the clawfoot bathtub, originally designed by John Michael Kohler.
What is chronology?
Which text feature describes a photograph?
What is a caption?
Imagine being a bird and creating a safe and cozy home for your eggs or chicks. Suddenly, a big storm approaches and blows your nest away. It can be devastating for the birds. However, birds are creative creatures and have unique ways of solving these daily challenges.
What is the topic?
What is birds?
In Tarpon Springs, Florida there are people who work underwater. These people are called sponge divers. The kind of treasure they look for is called sponges. Sponge diving is not an easy job. The diver has to breathe under the water, and be careful of extreme water pressure.
What is the authors purpose?
What is inform?
Unlike my parents, who love classical music, I detest it
What does detest mean?
a. love b. hate c. perform
Underneath the earth's crust is the mantle. The earth's mantle is solid rock. The rock is under high pressure and very hot temperatures. This can cause the rock to melt. The melted rock is called magma. Magma squeezes out of cracks in the rock. It makes its way toward the earth's surface. Then, it collects in chambers. Eventually, the magma pushes its way through the earth's crust in weak spots. As a result, the magma comes out as lava, rocks, and ash. Volcanoes can destroy forests. They can also cause tsunamis, floods, earthquakes, and landslides.
There are four different types of volcanoes. A shield volcano is created by lava that flows out through many vents. The lava spreads over large areas. As a result, the volcano looks like the shape of a warrior's shield. A dome volcano is created by lava that does not spread very far. The lava piles around the vent, which causes the dome to grow. Because of the hardened lava, dome volcanoes have high walls. A cinder cone volcano is created by lava being blasted into the air. The ash falls around the vent, which forms a cone. Cinder cone volcanoes have craters in the middle. Composite volcanoes look like mountains. They have layers of ash, rock, and lava that create steep slopes.
What is cause and effect?
The definition of a bold print word may be found using this text feature?
What is glossary?
Sometimes uninvited predators make their homes in a birds' nest. These can include snakes, squirrels, raccoons, and rats, to name a few. In this situation, birds will engage in aggressive displays, vocalizations, or physical attacks to drive away the predator. Some birds may even dive- bomb or swoop at the predator to intimidate and discourage it from returning.
What is the relevant detail?
What is in this situation, birds will engage in aggressive displays, vocalizations, or physical attacks to drive away the predator. Some birds may even dive- bomb or swoop at the predator to intimidate and discourage it from returning?
It was a glorious morning in Alabama. The sun was shining through the trees. Alan couldn't wait to find his fishing pole and call his friend Sam to go fishing. They had a great time on these early morning fishing trips. They took their dogs with them and the dogs would swim in the lake while they fished. It was so funny to watch those dogs paddle around the lake
What is the authors purpose?
What is entertain?
Regular exercise is beneficial to your body, but too much exercise is not good for you.
What does beneficial mean?
a. helpful b. harmful c. pleasant
What is helpful?
Christmas and Hanukkah are both holidays that are celebrated in December. Christmas is always celebrated on December 25, while Hanukkah is celebrated on different dates. Both Christmas and Hanukkah are religious holidays. Christmas is a Christian holiday, and Hanukkah is a Jewish holiday. Christmas celebrates the birth of baby Jesus. On the other hand, Hanukkah celebrates the Jewish people winning back their temple. Both of these important events happened long ago. Christmas lasts one day. Unlike Christmas, Hanukkah lasts eight days. After the Jewish people won back their temple, they had an eight-day festival. Similar to Christmas, many Jewish people celebrate Hanukkah with gift giving. Most traditions for these holidays are different. People who celebrate Christmas have Christmas trees. On the contrary, people who celebrate Hanukkah light menorahs. A menorah is a candle with eight branches. Christmas and Hanukkah are holidays that are celebrated by many. They each have their own set of traditions.
What is comparison?
Features that help you identify parts of a picture or diagram
What are labels?
Finding food is a daily challenge for birds, and they use unique strategies to satisfy their hunger. Woodpeckers, with their strong beaks, drum on tree trunks to locate insects hiding inside. Crows and ravens have been observed dropping hard-shelled nuts onto roads, waiting for passing cars to crack them open. These clever birds demonstrate their ability to think ahead and find innovative ways to enjoy a tasty meal.
What is the relevant detail?
What is woodpeckers, with their strong beaks,
drum on tree trunks to locate insects hiding inside. Crows and ravens have been observed dropping hard-shelled nuts onto roads, waiting for passing cars to crack them open?
A beach is a landform that can be found next to a body of water. Most beaches have sand which is very tiny pieces of rock. Many beaches also have waves which are caused by wind blowing across the water.
What is the authors purpose?
What is inform?
When I was caught in the rain, my clothes were saturated and completely soaking wet.
What does saturated mean?
a. thoroughly wet b. ruined c. cold
What is thoroughly wet?
Basketball and football are two of America's most popular sports. Both of these sports are team sports. Teamwork is essential. In football, players must pass the football to their teammates to move the ball down the field. Similarly, players pass a basketball down the basketball court.
While basketball and football have similarities, they also have many differences. Football is considered a fall sport. On the contrary, basketball is a winter sport. Professional football can be played indoors or outdoors, while professional basketball is always played indoors. Eleven players from each team play football at a time. Basketball has five players playing from each team. In the game of football, players score points by getting a touchdown in the other team's end zone. In basketball, a player scores points by shooting the ball in the other team's hoop. Football is not an Olympic sport. This is unlike basketball, which is an Olympic sport.
What is comparison?
Feature that is an alphabetical listing of items covered in the book and their page numbers.
What is an index?
Birds also display their problem-solving skills when it comes to getting hard-to-reach food sources. For instance, some species of herons and egrets have been observed using bait, such as twigs or insects, to lure fish closer to the water's surface. This strategic behavior increases their chances of a successful catch.
What is the relevant detail?
What is for instance, some species of herons and egrets have been observed using bait, such as twigs or insects, to lure fish closer to the water's surface?
Amir and Amaya walked down the path to the beach. It was their first visit this summer. Amir knew he'd spend the day surfing in the waves. Amaya was excited to build the biggest sandcastle she'd ever built!
What is the authors purpose?
What is entertain?
Before the surgery, the nurse ensured that all of the instruments were sterilized and completely cleaned.
What does sterilized mean?
a. available b. decontaminated c. new
What is available?
Forest fires can be caused by nature or humans. Ninety percent of forest fires in the United States are caused by humans. Humans can cause forest fires by leaving campfires burning. Forest fires can also happen when people throw away lit cigarettes in the woods. Some forest fires happen because people start fires on purpose. Ten percent of forest fires are caused by nature. Lightning can create forest fires. Also, lava from a volcano can cause a forest fire.
Amazingly, a forest fire can have a positive impact. Fire can help clean the forest floor. This helps keep the soil healthy and allows trees to grow stronger. When the forest fipor is clean of brush, more shelter is available to forest animals. When the forest floor is clean, there are less plants. This means that more water can collect in streams. When these streams are fuller, other types of plants and animals thrive. Fire can help keep populations of certain trees down. This makes room for other species of trees and plants. Some trees depend on fire to release their seeds. Without fire, these seeds cannot be released, and these trees would become extinct.
Forest fires also have many negative impacts. Forest fires change the environments in which they occur. They can destroy people's homes and animals' habitats. Forest fires also pollute the air. This pollution can harm humans.
While wildfire is important for forests, it is also a danger. It is important to monitor these fires to be sure they are helping, rather than harming, the environment.
What is cause and effect?
A feature that shows us exactly what something looks like.
What is a picture?
Birds' are skillful animals who have the ability to adapt to changing environments and solve problems. They have developed a wide range of behaviors that enable them to thrive in all kinds of diverse habitats.
What is the central idea?
What is birds' are skillful animals who have the ability to adapt to changing environments and solve problems?
We’ve all heard about global warming, right? The rising Earth temperature has caused ice-covered areas on our planet to melt away. The disappearance of ice is a major threat to animals like penguins. Less ice means less habitat and less food for penguins. Penguin populations have decreased by 80% in some areas of the Southern hemisphere, and most scientists agree that climate change is the primary cause of this grim statistic. For instance, African penguins eat sardines and anchovies that follow a cold current of water. As the ocean heats up, their food source is moving further away from their habitat. If the current continues to move, the penguins will end up losing their food source, as they can only swim about 25 miles from their home. We need to unite to protect endangered animals like penguins, by working together to stop global warming. Walk or ride your bike instead of driving short distances. Share rides whenever possible. Write to lawmakers requesting that they create laws that protect the environment. We need to take action now to prevent penguins and other endangered animals from becoming a part of the Earth’s past.
What is the authors purpose?
What is persuade?
Liam was a good basketball player who yearned for the chance to play professionally. He practiced every day and called coaches at all the professional teams asking for a try-out.
What does yearned mean?
a. desired b. regretted c. doubted
What is desired?