IV Solutions
Does not cause water to move into or out of the body's cells; most closely related to our own composition.
What is an isotonic solution?
This access device is short and most commonly placed in the forearm. It can be placed in the hands or neck if needed, but lower extremities are a no-go.
What is a peripheral IV?
Manifestations include: slowing of the infusion rate, edema at the site or above, coolness of the skin around the IV, and discomfort.
What is infiltration?
Mr. Jones is a 40-year-old male who presented to the ER with Diabetic Ketoacidosis. He is complaining of N/V and feels dehydrated. What type(s) of fluid would the nurse recommend to the provider?
What are hypotonic and isotonic fluids?
What is the purpose of TPN and PPN?
What is nutritional supplement?
Moves water into the cells, causing them to expand.
What is a hypotonic solution?
This type of access requires a chest x-ray to confirm placement before use.
What is a central venous access?
This complication presents itself within 48-96 hours after the catheter has been removed; the patient may complain of of pain at the IV site, and and the vein could appear reddened and firm.
What is post-infusion phlebitis?
Mrs. Claus has been confused and was admitted post-seizure. The provider ordered stat labs and the sodium level was 120 meq/l. What type of IV fluid does the nurse anticipate being ordered?
What is hypertonic fluids?
Name 3 complications of TPN
What is fluid imbalance?
What is electrolyte imbalance?
What is elevated blood glucose level?
Moves water out of the body's cells and into the blood stream.
What is a hypertonic solution?
This type of access can be used long term, and for home care.
What is a PICC line?
This complication can cause blistering and tissue sloughing.
What is extravasation?
Mr. Snow is awaiting surgery and has been NPO with normal saline running at 75 ml/hr. He was just notified by the surgeon that his surgery will be postponed. His afternoon labs revealed a sodium level of 150 meq/L. What recommendations would the nurse make related to IV therapy?
What are hypotonic fluids?
The patient has been receiving TPN at 75 ml/hr for 4 days. The client's trend has been 2-5 kg over admission weight. Upon assessment, the nurse auscultates crackles in the lower lobes, with 3+ piting edema in the lower extremities. What complication of TPN administration is the patient experiencing?
What is fluid-volume overload?
Patients receiving this type of solution are more at risk for fluid overload.
What is an isotonic solution?
Most patient receiving chemotherapy will have this type of access.
This systemic complication is common in older adults.
What is circulatory overload?
Mrs. Freeze is an older adult who presented with fever, frequent urination, and pain with urination. The patient also has dry mucous membranes and poor skin turgor. What IV solution would be most appropriate?
What is an isotonic solution?
The nurse is caring for a client receiving TPN. The nurse notices that the temperature trends are trending up from baseline. What is a possible complication of TPN administration?
What is infection?
Prompt: What diagnostic would confirm this complication?
What is TPN?
This catheter is inserted in emergent situations; because of the high risk for infection it is not used long term.
What is a central venous catheter?
This complication can be life threatening, depending on the "floaters" final destination.
What is a catheter embolism?
The Nurse infuses 3% saline over 150 ml/hr reassesses the patients after 30 minutes and notices a decrease LOC with pupil changes. After reviewing the six rights of medication administration the rate of infusion should have been 15ml/hr. What complication of medication administration occurred?
What is a medication/dose error?
Prompt: Reporting
Mrs. Debbie has been receiving TPN for the past few days. She has a history of type 2 diabetes. What data does the nurse need to collect to determine complications of TPN?
What is a blood glucose level?
Prompt: opposite