Inheritance1
What occurs during fertilization?
Fertilization is the joining of an egg cell with a sperm cell.
An organism's phenotype is affected by which?a) genotype only. b)environmental factors only. C)neither genotype nor environmental factors. D)both genotype and environmental factors.
D. Both genotype and environmental factors
True or false, A difference in beak shape among members of the same finch species is an example of variation.
true
Define mimicry
adaptation in which one species looks like another species
Describe the difference between a genotype and phenotype of a individual organism.
The genotype is the complete set of genes an organism has while the phenotype is how the trait of that particular gene appears, or is expressed
How many chromosomes are in human reproductive cells?
23
How does DNA fit inside the nucleus of a cell?
It is tightly coiled.
A population of beetles changing from yellow to brown and surviving better is an example of _____. a.genesc.natural selection b.mutationsd.selective breeding
The color of brown beetles is a variation that helps them survive. This variation becomes an adaptation through natural selection.
Define selective breeding
selection and breeding of organisms that have desired traits
Which factor determines whether flamingos will mate? 1. Genotype 2. Mutations 3. Environment
Environment
What type of adaptation is a cobra’s ability to spit venom? a.behavioral b.functional c.camouflage d.structural
b. functional, the splitting is a biochemical change that enables the cobra to survive.
Predators avoid the scarlet king snake because it looks like the coral snake, even though the king snake is NOT venomous. This similarity in coloring is an example of what type of adaptation? What must be true about the coral snake?
Coral snake must be venomous It is a form of mimicry
Define adaptation
What helps a species survive in its environment.
Chromosomes in egg and sperm cells divide during
Meiosis
What two processes causes variation to occur in a population
sexual reproduction and mutation
Which of the following is a behavioral adaptation? a.Horses run as a herd. b.Horses can run quickly to escape predators. c.Horses’ teeth can grind grass. d.Horses’ hooves can withstand the shock of their bodies running.
a.) horses run as a heard
Compare and contrast inherited trait and acquired trait.
Inherited trait: Trait received by offspring from parent. Both physical or behavioral characteristics can be inherited.
Acquired trait: Behaviors or that are learned or acquired through interaction with environment and life experiences.
Define natural selection
the process whereby organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring.
Compare and contrast asexual with sexual reproduction.
asexual reproduction. Off spring are produced from 1 parent, produces offspring with identical hereditary material to its parent organism.
sexual reproduction. Off spring are produced from 2 parents, produces offspring that look similar to its parents.
List and explain the three categories into which scientists classify adaptations
Scientists classify adaptations into three categories: structural, behavioral, and functional. Structural adaptations involve color, shape, and other physical characteristics. Behavioral adaptations involve the way an organism behaves or acts. Functional adaptations involve a change in biochemistry that increases survival.
Explain how two species might trigger adaptive changes in each other. Why does this occur?
EX: As predators develop adaptations for hunting prey, the species they hunt develop adaptations for avoiding them. A cheetah is fast. But so are the gazelles. Over time, cheetahs might become faster due to chance variations and natural selection. But faster gazelles also might arise from the same process. In this way, species adapt to each other.
The ability of an organism to maintain internal conditions within certain limits