Insect Anatomy
Insect Orders
Insect Behavior
Environmental Impacts
Random
200
What structure of the parasitoid is the line pointing to?
A. Rostrum
B. Petiole
C. Ovipositor
D. Thorax
C. Ovipositor
200
TRUE or FALSE: Collembolan or Proturan hexapods are considered primitive compared to Dipteran insects.
TRUE
200
Aphids secrete honeydew, which ants harvest for food. In exchange, ants protect the aphids from predators. This is an example of what type of mutualism?
Protection mutualism
200
An ____________________________ is an area or metropolitan area that is significantly warmer than its surrounding rural areas due to human activities.
urban heat island
200
True or False: Hemimetabolous insects undergo a complete metamorphosis before emerging as adults.
False
400
Name the 3 sections of an insect’s thorax.
The prothorax, mesothorax, and metathorax
400
_______________________ is one of the most diverse and evolutionarily advanced insect orders, as they are known for their highly developed eyesight and are considered the most derived insect group.
Hymenoptera
400
When insects need to warm up their body temperature by flapping their wings, what is this type of thermoregulation called?
muscle contraction/pre-flight warmup
400
Which of the following is an example of a direct effect of invasive plants on insect communities?
A. Changes to climate patterns
B. Loss of pollination services
C. Altered soil chemistry affecting insect development
D. Increase biodiversity
Altered soil chemistry affecting insect development
400
What are some benefits of the insect exoskeleton? (more than one answer)
A. Enables fast growth
B. Easy to lose heat
C. Lightweight and efficient
D. Aids in respiration
Enables fast growth, Lightweight and efficient
600
Match the following terms with the appropriate segment/system/function.
Setaceous____ a. Incomplete metamorphosis
Labrum____ b. Thorax
Pronotum____ c. Antennae
Ocelli____ d. Simple eyes
Hemimetabolous___ e. Mouthpart
Setaceous_c___ a. Incomplete metamorphosis
Labrum__e__ b. Thorax
Pronotum_b___ c. Antennae
Ocelli__d__ d. Simple eyes
Hemimetabolous_a__ e. Mouthpart
600
Which of the following has a hemimetabolous life cycle?
A. Coleoptera
B. Collembola
C. Hymenoptera
D. Orthoptera
Orthoptera
600
Insect species that take more than a year to produce a generation is referred to as ________________, according to Verheyen and Stoks (2019).
semivoltine
600
__________________ is the ability of a habitat fragment to support species with essential resources, habitat, and mates, while _______________________ the degree to which a habitat is separated from other similar habitats.
Fragment quality, fragment isolation
600
A _________________________ is a group of local populations that persist through colonization and extinction dynamics.
metapopulation
800
The insect leg has 6 segments, name them.
coxa, trochanter, femur, tibia, tarsus, and claws
800
Name 3 insect groups that belong to the insect order Orthoptera.
Grasshoppers, Crickets, and Locusts
800
While wings are considered a key innovation contributing to insect diversity and success, many insects (e.g., ground beetles, grasshoppers, and spider beetles) have wings but are not strong fliers. What are at least 4 functions of insect wings that are unrelated to flight?
They can be used to provide extra exoskeletal protection
Mimicry
Thermoregulation
Sound production
Visual communication
800
Ecosystem services are often cited as one of the reasons people should study and protect insect populations. Explain what an ecosystem service is and provide two examples discussed in class.
Goods and services provided by organisms generally have a positive impact on the environment and human wellbeing. Pollination, wildlife nutrition, biological control, and decomposition are the main examples discussed in class.
800
Take a look at the figure below. Which of the following are the missing sections (i.e., the question marks in the figure directly below) of the nervous system?
A. Suboesophageal ganglion, thoracic ganglion, and abdomen ganglion
B. Gastric caeca, colon, and Malpighian tubules
C. Prothorax ganglion, metathorax ganglion, and mesothorax ganglion
D. Head, prothorax, and abdomen
Suboesophageal ganglion, thoracic ganglion, and abdomen ganglion
1000
The insect eye has evolved multiple times throughout history, ranging from simple light-detecting structures to highly advanced visual systems capable of perceiving ultraviolet light and rapid movement. How might the habitat and behavior of an insect influence the evolution of poor versus highly developed eyesight? Provide examples.
Insects that live in the soil, caves, or are nocturnal are likely to have less pressure to evolve great eyesight, so many of those insects have basic or less-evolved eyesight. On the contrary, insects that require eyesight to find food, flowers, nectar, or mates are more likely to have more advanced and evolved eyesight.
1000
While there are 30+ orders of insects, six orders make up the majority of the diversity of insects, name them.
Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera, Orthoptera, Hemiptera, and Lepidoptera
1000
Insects use both behavioral and physiological strategies to regulate their body temperature. What are some key differences between these two thermoregulatory methods? Additionally, what strategies might be used by insects living in hot desert environments versus those in high-latitude, colder climates?
Behavioral methods typically require the insect to move its orientation (e.g., basking, crouching, stilting, climbing, shading) to adjust its body temperature appropriately, whereas physiological methods often require some internal changes (e.g., muscle contraction, release of internal moisture/liquid to cool, changing cell color, or hemolymph qualities) to adapt the body temperature. Insects in deserts might practice more crouching, stilting, and shading type of behaviors. Insects in cold climates might practice more basking, sweating, flight warmup, freeze avoidance and tolerance type of methods.
1000
Invasive plants can alter both the structure and function of ecosystems. Describe one mechanism by which invasive plants may increase insect predator abundance and explain how this might have cascading effects on insect herbivores and detritivores.
Invasive plants can increase structural complexity or provide alternative prey, which boosts predator abundance. This can suppress herbivores and detritivores through top-down control.
1000
Insects have an open circulatory system, whereas humans and many other animals have a closed circulatory system. What are 3 benefits of an open circulatory system for insects, and how does this system compare to the closed circulatory system found in vertebrates?
An open circulatory system allows for (1) a passive flow of oxygen/nutrients that is fast and efficient, (2) a continuous flow of hemolymph, (3) less structural problems can occur, (4) requires fewer organs to operate, and (5) needs less energy to operate. This contrasts to a closed circulatory system in many ways, such as (i) blood being contained with closed vessels with a (ii) capillary system, (iii) system pressure is crucial to maintain blood flow, and (iv) gases/nutrients directly transported to organs.