Earth's Layers
The two sub-layers of the mantle.
What are lithosphere and asthenosphere.
He developed the theory of continental drift
Who is Alfred Wegener?
Divergent
What is a plate boundary where two plates spread apart and form mid-ocean ridge, rift valleys or sea-floor spreading?
The crust is made up mostly of these two types of rock
What is basalt and granite?
3 pieces of evidence used to support the theory
What are fossils, landforms, and climate?
Sea-Floor Spreading
What is the process where the ocean floor spreads apart along at the mid-ocean ridge, creating new crust?
It is made mostly of the SOLID metals iron and nickel.
What is the inner core?
Why was this theory not supported at first
What is Wegener couldn't explain HOW continents moved?
Transform
What is a plate boundary where two plates slip past each other and form faults and cause earthquakes?
Evidence to support the sea-floor spreading theory.
What are rock types, magnetic strips, and rock age?
What is the Lithosphere?
Large landmass before continents drifted apart
What is pangaea?
The two types of convergent boundaries.
What are plates colliding with each other to create mountain ranges and volcanoes and plates converging under the ocean resulting in subduction trenches?
Discovered both near and far from the ridge. These rocks form when magma erupts and quickly cools in cold water.
What are "pillow rocks"?
Made up of LIQUID iron and nickel?
What is the outer core
How did fossils supported the theory
Fossils of tropical plants were found in polar-like regions and fossils of similar reptiles were found on many different continents.
The formation, movement and subduction of tectonic plates
What is the theory of plate tectonics?
Alternating magnetic pattern on the ocean floor. Earth's magnetic field alternates throughout history. The pattern on one side of ridge matches the other side.
What are magnetic stripes?
The difference between oceanic and continental crust
What is oceanic crust is thinner and made of basalt and continental crust is made of granite and is thicker?
How did landforms supported the theory
There were matching mountain ranges on S. America and Africa. Continents seemed to fit like puzzle pieces.
Causes plates to move
What are convection currents?
Youngest rock is found near ridge and older rock is found far from the ridge. Crust is pushed away, taking rock with it.
How did climate support the theory
Tropical species were found in polar regions. Evidence of glaciers were found in tropical areas.
Volcanoes form at these two types of boundaries
What are convergent and divergent?