vocab
It's the #1 most common word in Latin, meaning "and."
What is "et"?
Translate the participle that ends -ns, -ntes, -ntem, or -ntibus.
[verb]ing
This case is the subject: it does the action (of an active verb).
What is nominative?
pluperfect
Verbs whose subject is "someone" end like this.
What is -t?
The meaning of nunc.
What is "now"?
How do you translate participles like dictus, factus, iussus, and latus?
having been [verb]ed
This case is the direct object: it receives the action (of an active verb).
What is accusative?
Which tense of the subjunctive is the 2nd principal part + endings?
imperfect
This infix tells you that a verb is "was/were [verb]ing" (aka imperfect tense).
What is -ba-?
The meaning of "nisi, nī" (word #99).
What is "if not" / "unless" / "except"?
What kind of participle are laturus, futurus, ducturus, and venturus?
future active / going to [verb]
The six go-to translations for the ablative case.
What is the overall job of the subjunctive mood?
actions happening in someone's mind rather than reality
This infix tells you a verb is pluperfect ("had [verb]ed").
What is -era-?
The difference between saepe and semper.
What is "often" vs. "always"?
What's the go-to translation for an ablative absolute?
with [noun] [participle]
The two go-to translations for the dative case.
What are "to/for"?
Name two types of clause that use a subjunctive verb.
purpose, result, indirect question, indirect command
ī / istī / it / īmus / istis / ērunt
What are the perfect tense verb endings?
It's word #199, meaning "command, power" and gives us the English word "empire."
What is "imperium"?
What participle is marked by -nd- between the stem and ending?
future passive / gerundive
The go-to translation for the genitive case.
What is "of"?
How do you recognize the present subjunctive?
The vowel between the stem and the ending is off (usually +a).
The difference between vincit/vincēbat/vīcit and vincitur/vincēbātur/victus est.
What is voice (active vs. passive)?