Unit 1: Cold War
This was the name given to the ideological conflict between the USA and the USSR from 1947–1991.
What is the Cold War?
This is the term for tourism that aims to minimise environmental and cultural harm while supporting local economies.
What is sustainable tourism?
This is the definition of development that meets present needs without compromising future generations.
What is sustainable development?
This composite index measures health, education, and income to compare development levels.
What is the Human Development Index (HDI)?
These economic actors include consumers, producers, governments, and banks.
What are economic agents?
This type of war involved two superpowers supporting different sides in a third country’s conflict without directly fighting each other.
The proxy war
This Mediterranean city is often cited as suffering from “over-tourism.”
What is Venice?
This specific global initiative includes 17 goals such as Zero Hunger and Climate Action.
What are the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)?
This effect happens when skilled individuals emigrate for better opportunities.
What is brain drain?
This shape is used to show population structure by age and gender.
What is a population pyramid?
This military alliance, still active today, was originally created in 1949 to counter Soviet power and unify Western defense during the Cold War.
What is NATO (the North Atlantic Treaty Organization)?
This form of tourism can backfire if it becomes commercialized or lacks proper regulation.
What is eco-tourism?
This economic model encourages reuse, recycling, and reduced waste in production.
What is the circular economy?
These are the two types of migration factors that influence movement of people.
What are push and pull factors?
This phenomenon occurs when resources are used faster than they can be replenished.
What is overconsumption?
This term refers to information used by both the US and USSR to promote their ideologies during the Cold War.
What is propaganda?
This is a key reason why tourism must be managed sustainably, as increasing visitor numbers can place stress on water, energy, and cultural resources.
What is environmental pressure (or strain on natural resources)?
This type of technological progress is crucial for making cities more sustainable, especially in rapidly urbanizing areas.
What is innovation?
This historic system helped create global inequalities that are still seen today.
What is colonialism?
This city in the UAE was designed as a low-carbon, sustainable smart city.
What is Masdar City?
This Cold War event in 1962 brought the world to the brink of nuclear war and is considered the closest the USA and USSR came to direct conflict.
What is the Cuban Missile Crisis?
This megaproject in Dubai aimed to boost eco-tourism and global image but raised concerns over energy use, construction impact, and long-term sustainability.
What is the Dubai Expo (or Expo 2020 Dubai)?
This type of management focuses on balancing economic growth with the responsible use of natural resources like water, food, and energy.
What is sustainable resource management?
This global pattern occurs when economic growth benefits wealthier groups more than poorer ones, leading to widening income gaps despite overall development.
What is unequal distribution of wealth (or trickle-down inequality)?
This term describes the pressure placed on a working-age population when there is a high proportion of young or elderly dependents in a country.
What is the dependency ratio?