Unit 1
What is a hypothesis?
a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation.
What are the building blocks of all matter?
Atoms
What family is Boron from?
The Boron Family
What two substances are usually produced in combustion reactions?
CO2 and H2O
What is a heterogeneous mixture?
A heterogeneous mixture has components in which proportions vary throughout the sample.
What is mass?
a coherent, typically large body of matter with no definite shape.
What are the two properties of gases that Gay-Lussac’s law addresses?
Gay-Lussac's law states that the pressure of a given mass of gas varies directly with the absolute temperature of the gas, when the volume is kept constant.
Describe how a covalent bond is formed.
A covalent bond forms when the difference between the electronegativities of two atoms is too small for an electron transfer to occur to form ions, so the electrons are instead shared.
What two substances are usually produced in combustion reactions?
Oxygen
What are two types of homogeneous mixtures?
A homogeneous mixture is a solid, liquid or gaseous mixture that has the same proportions of its components throughout any given sample.
What are the signs of a chemical reaction?
The five conditions of chemical change: color change, formation of a precipitate, formation of a gas, odor change, temperature change.
What are the two properties of gases that Charles’s law addresses?
When the pressure on a sample of a dry gas is held constant, the Kelvin temperature and the volume will be in direct proportion.
Ionic bonds are formed from the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions in a chemical compound.
How are synthesis and decomposition reactions related?
Synthesis reactions and synthesis reactions are opposites. Synthesis reactions combine two elements or compounds, while decomposition reactions divide two elements or compounds.
What are the properties/characteristics of acids?
Acids taste sour, conduct electricity when dissolved in water, turn litmus paper red, and react with metals to produce hydrogen gas.