Describe
The epidermis
- thick or thin, # of layers, type of tissue, what its contains, vascular or avascular
Keratinized Avascular
Stratified squamous tissue
"thin skin"
4-5 layers
Describe dermis
- thick or thin, type of tissue, & what it contains, vascular or avascular
Thick middle layer of skin, Vascular
Connective tissue that gives the skin strength
Contains blood vessels, nerves, glands, and hair follicles.
Type of epithelial tissue that makes up the epidermis
Stratified Squamous Epithelium
The role hemoglobin in skin color
Creates pink or red tint from blood in the skin
Major hair structure parts
Follicle, shaft, root
The stratum lucidum & where it can be seen on the body
Thin, Smooth, transparent layer of epidermis
Found only in thick skin of the palms & soles,
the hypodermis
AKA subcutaneous layer or superficial fascia,
Innermost and deepest layer
Not technically part of the skin
Thickness varies across the body and from person to person.
"accessory structure" of the integument
Hair, nails, sweat glands, and sebaceous glands.
originate from the epidermis
The role of carotene in skin color
Allow or orange color for Carotene rich foods
layers of epidermis
Stratum corneum
Stratum lucideum
Stratum granulosum
Stratum spinosum
Stratum basale
The locations of thin epidermis
Everywhere except palms and soles of feet
the locations of thick epidermis
Palms and soles of the feet
The cell type that makes melanin
Identify the role of melanin skin color
Provides black and brown colors
UV protection
Function
protection
temperature homeostasis
Synthesis and storage of nutrients
Sensory reception
Excretion and secretion.
Thin epidermis VS thick epidermis
Thin : 4 epidermal layers excluding stratum lucidum (contains hair follicles and sebaceous glands)
Thick : 5 epidermal layers & a thicker stratum corneum for more protection
Stratum lucidum and where it can be seen on the body
Thin, Smooth, transparent layer of epidermis
Found only in thick skin of the palms & soles,
The two layers of the dermis
Papillary Dermis
Reticular Dermis
Identify the functions of hair
Protect: sun and dust
regulate body temp: trapping air
sensory regulation: detects hen something touches
What occurs in the stratum granulosum?
older cells develop proteins as they die, precursors to keratin
The two types of sudoriferous glands
Eccrine sweat glands: Everywhere
Apocrine Sweat glands: Pits and Groins
The location & function of the stratum basale
Deepest epidermal layer
Attaches the epidermis to the basal lamina, which lie below the layers of the dermis.
Has stem cells keratinocytes (divide and produce new skin cells)
Functions of the integument and how the integument completes them
Protect: Physical barrier, UV, Cushioning
secretion & Excretion: sweat and sebum
Temperature Homeostasis: Sweating and hair
Sensation: Nerve endings and sensory receptors
Vitamin D Synthesis: UV light from the sun hits the skin and converts a substance in the epidermis into vitamin D3.
Three hair-associated structures
Follicles:
anchors the hair root in the skin
supplies hair with nutrients and cells for growth
Sebaceous Gland:
Releases sebum onto the hair and skin
Arrector Pili Muscles:
Goosebumps
contracts when cold or scared
pushes sebum onto the skin surface
What occurs in the stratum corneum?
ead cells are collected and filled with keratin allowing cells to be tough and offer protection and replace cells worn away by wear and tear