Anatomy
2 layers within the epidermis
stratum basale and stratum corneum
What is albinism?
A hereditary disorder that affects melanin production, there is lack of pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes.
what is Pallor
is paleness of the skin, often caused by reduced blood flow or by reduction in hemoglobin, as occurs in cases of anemia. Pallor is most easily noted in the lips, nail beds, and mucous membranes.
What is melanin?
A dark pigment that colors the skin and protects it from the harmful rays of sunlight.
Two layers of the skin
Epidermis and dermis
Where are the apocrine glands?
in the armpits and groin area.
What is Flushing?
is redness of the skin, often related to fever. Signs of flushing are most noticeable in the face and neck.
What is jaundice?
A yellowish discoloration of the skin may be due to the presence of excessive amounts of bile pigments, mainly bilirubin, in the blood. (Bile is a substance produced by the liver that aids in the digestion of fats) This condition, called jaundice.
What is dermal papillae?
a distinct pattern of ridges that forms a person's fingerprint
What is the fat layer called below the skin?
subcutaneous layer or the hypodermis
What are 4 things associated with the integumentary system?
Skin, glands, hair, nail, blood vessels, nerves, and sensory organs
What is cyanosis?
When there is not enough oxygen in circulating blood, the skin may take on a bluish discoloration termed cyanosis. This is a symptom of heart failure and of breathing problems, such as asthma or respiratory obstruction.
What is erythema?
redness of the skin
What is a sebaceous gland?
The sebaceous glands are saclike in structure, and their oily secretion, sebum, lubricates the skin and hair and prevents drying.
What is the function of the sudoriferous glands?
The sudoriferous glands function to cool the body. They release sweat, or perspiration, that draws heat from the skin as the moisture evaporates at the surface.
What is the arrector pili?
The muscle that connects to hair and causes it to rise and causes goosebumps.
What are 4 other things you have to worry about with burn victims?
Infection is a common complication of burns, because the skin, a major defense against invasion of microorganisms, is damaged. Respiratory complications may be caused by inhalation of smoke and toxic chemicals, and circulatory problems may result from loss of fluids and electrolytes. Treatment of burns includes respiratory care, administration of fluids, wound care, and pain control. Patients must be monitored for circulatory complications, infections, and signs of posttraumatic stress.
What is dermatitis?
Inflammation of the skin is called dermatitis. It may be due to many kinds of irritants, such as the oil of poison oak or poison ivy plants, detergents, and strong acids, alkalis, or other chemicals. Prompt removal of the irritant is the most effective method of prevention and treatment. A thorough cleansing as soon as possible after contact with plant oils may prevent the development of itching eruptions.
What things do the receptors on the skin sense?
Pain, change in temperature, light touch, pressure, and vibration
what are the 4 main functions of the skin?
Protection against infection
Protection against dehydration (drying)
Regulation of body temperature
Collection of sensory information
What two mechanisms are used to regulate temperature through the skin?
Dilation and Constriction of blood vessels- Evaporation
What is the condition when you eat too many orange colored vegetables like carrots?
carotenemia
What is pruritus?
Itching skin
What is an Ulcer?
a sore associated with disintegration and death of tissue
What is a Vesicle
A vesicle is a blister or small sac that is full of fluid, such as may be found in some of the eruptions of chickenpox or shingles