Burns
A 3-year-old child presents with burns to the entire right arm (front and back), and the front of the right leg. Using the Rule of Nines for children, what percentage of total body surface area (TBSA) is burned?
Entire arm (front + back) = 9%
Front of one leg = 4.5%
→ Total = 13.5% TBSA
A 9-year-old boy with tinea pedis asks how to prevent recurrence. What should the nurse include in teaching? (Select all that apply)
A. Wear cotton socks and change them daily
B. Share shoes only with siblings
C. Dry feet thoroughly after bathing
D. Use antifungal foot powder regularly
E. Go barefoot as often as possible to let feet "breathe"
A 4-year-old presents with honey-colored crusted lesions around the nose and mouth. What is the nurse’s priority action?
A. Apply warm compresses and observe
B. Educate the parent on viral transmission
C. Initiate contact precautions and notify the provider
D. Scrape off the crusts to expose the lesion
A school nurse identifies live lice in the hair of a 7-year-old student. What is the most appropriate action?
A. Send the child home immediately and notify the health department
B. Allow the child to stay in class and notify the parents at the end of the day
C. Treat the child at school with a pediculicide shampoo
D. Keep the child isolated from classmates until treatment is completed
A provider orders amoxicillin 400 mg PO every 8 hours. The label reads: amoxicillin 250 mg/5 mL. How many mL will you give per dose?
8mL
Which of the following is the priority nursing action during the first 24 hours for a pediatric client with 20% TBSA partial-thickness burns?
A. Administer IV antibiotics
B. Begin nutritional support via NG tube
C. Initiate fluid resuscitation
D. Apply topical antimicrobial agents
A nurse sees a red, beefy rash with satellite lesions in an infant’s diaper area. What is the most appropriate action?
A. Apply zinc oxide barrier cream
B. Cleanse with alcohol-based wipes
C. Apply topical nystatin cream
D. Expose the area to direct sunlight
A nurse is teaching a parent about administering amoxicillin for streptococcal pharyngitis. Which statement indicates a need for further teaching?
A. “I’ll give the antibiotic for the full 10 days.”
B. “My child can return to school after 24 hours on antibiotics.”
C. “I’ll stop the medication once the fever goes away.”
D. “I’ll encourage my child to drink cool fluids.”
A nurse is teaching parents how to treat their child’s head lice. Which instruction is most important to include?
A. Use pediculicide shampoo daily for 7 days
B. Wash all bedding and clothing in hot water
C. Shave the child’s head to remove lice and nits
D. Apply olive oil to suffocate the lice
A child weighs 18 kg. The order is for ceftriaxone 75 mg/kg/day divided into two doses. What is the correct dose per dose?
675 mg
A parent asks how to prevent scald burns at home. Which statement by the parent indicates a need for further teaching?
A. "I always test bathwater before placing my child in it."
B. "I keep hot drinks away from the edge of counters."
C. "I let my toddler help stir food on the stove to learn cooking."
D. "I turn pot handles inward when cooking."
Which child is at the highest risk for developing a fungal infection?
A. A 3-year-old with seasonal allergies
B. A 6-month-old taking antibiotics for an ear infection
C. A 12-year-old who just received a flu shot
D. A 10-year-old who just finished asthma inhaler therapy
A 2-year-old presents with redness, swelling, and warmth on the left leg. The area is tender to touch and the child has a fever. What bacterial infection is most likely?
A. Eczema
B. Tinea corporis
C. Cellulitis
D. Psoriasis
A parent asks how to remove nits after lice treatment. What should the nurse recommend?
A. Use a fine-toothed nit comb on wet hair
B. Rinse the hair with vinegar
C. Shave the child’s head completely
D. Let the nits fall off on their own over time
The provider orders IV fluid at 125 mL/hr. The tubing delivers 15 gtt/mL. What is the flow rate in gtt/min?
31 gtt/min
A nurse is caring for a 5-year-old with deep partial-thickness burns. Which pain management method is most appropriate during dressing changes?
A. Administer oral ibuprofen 30 minutes before
B. Use distraction techniques only
C. Administer IV opioids prior to the procedure
D. Apply cool compresses to soothe the area
A 7-year-old child is diagnosed with tinea capitis. Which of the following would the nurse include in the plan of care?
A. Instruct the parent to apply a topical antifungal cream to the scalp
B. Recommend shaving the child’s head
C. Administer prescribed oral antifungal medication as directed
D. Apply hydrocortisone to reduce inflammation
Which of the following is a priority teaching point for a parent of a child with impetigo?
A. The child can return to daycare immediately after diagnosis
B. Stop antibiotics when the rash crusts over
C. Gently wash lesions with soap and water daily
D. Use steroid cream to reduce inflammation
Which symptom is most commonly associated with head lice in children?
A. Rash on the scalp
B. Severe hair loss
C. Intense scalp itching
D. High-grade fever
A doctor orders cefuroxime 250 mg IM. The vial contains cefuroxime 500 mg/2 mL. How many mL will you administer?
1 mL
A 6-year-old is admitted with full-thickness burns over the anterior chest and both arms. Which assessment finding requires immediate intervention?
A. Loud crying and restlessness
B. Edema of the face and hoarse voice
C. Temperature of 100.4°F (38°C)
D. Blistering on the chest and arms
Which instruction is appropriate when teaching a parent how to prevent the spread of ringworm in the household?
A. Wash the child’s hair once a week
B. Avoid sharing hats, combs, or towels
C. Keep the child home from school until the lesion disappears
D. Disinfect the skin with alcohol
A child with pertussis (whooping cough) is admitted. Which isolation precaution is appropriate?
A. Standard only
B. Airborne
C. Droplet
D. Contact
Which teaching point should the nurse include when educating about preventing lice reinfestation? (Select all that apply)
A. Avoid sharing combs, brushes, hats, or hair accessories
B. Use lice spray on all household pets
C. Seal unwashable items in a plastic bag for 2 weeks
D. Soak combs and brushes in hot water for 10 minutes
E. Apply lice shampoo monthly to prevent reinfestation
IV morphine is ordered at 0.1 mg/kg for a 30-kg child. Morphine comes in 4 mg/mL concentration. How many mL do you give?
0.75 mL