Mental Processes
This term refers to manipulating mental representations of information to draw conclusions.
What is thinking?
Assuming a person with board shorts is a surfer is an example of this heuristic
What is the representativeness heuristic?
A decision strategy that uses one characteristic at a time is called this.
What is the elimination-by-aspects model?
He developed the first systematic intelligence test.
Who is Alfred Binet?
An IQ of 120 indicates this mental-to-chronological age relationship
What is a mental age above chronological age?
When you visualize your childhood home to describe it, you’re using this.
What are mental images?
Overestimating plane crash danger after news coverage shows this heuristic in action.
What is the availability heuristic?
Adding up ratings to decide between job offers uses this model
What is the additive model?
Dividing mental age by chronological age and multiplying by 100 gives this.
What is an IQ score?
The Wechsler test (WAIS) was created for this age group
What are adults?
A mental representation of objects or events that are not physically present is called this.
What is a mental image?
When people interpret only evidence that supports their belief, it’s this bias.
What is confirmation bias?
Choosing something based on a single key feature is called this.
What is the single-feature model?
Binet believed intelligence was not fixed or innate but rather this.
What is changeable or learned?
The percentage of people scoring between 85 and 115 on IQ tests.
What is 68%?
Kara memorized planets and daydreamed about space travel. Overall, she was doing this.
What is thinking?
Believing a psychic is accurate because one prediction was correct shows this fallacy.
What is the fallacy of positive instances?
This type of thinking can limit problem-solving by focusing on only familiar uses for an object.
What is functional fixedness?
This psychologist believed in general intelligence or the “g factor.”
Who is Charles Spearman?
Sheldon’s score of 160 falls in this range.
What is the above-average range?
This refers to the most typical instance of a concept.
What is a prototype?
What is the overestimation effect?
Remembering only the positive outcomes of one’s actions is known as this
What is the fallacy of positive instances?
Howard Gardner proposed there are this many intelligences.
What is eight?
A test that measures capacity to benefit from training. Such as an ACT test
What is an aptitude test?