Intelligence
Define intelligence.
Answer: Ability to learn, reason, solve problems, and adapt to new situations.
Who proposed the theory of multiple intelligences?
Answer: Howard Gardner
What does EQ stand for?
Answer: Emotional Quotient / Emotional Intelligence
What was the purpose of the Binet-Simon test?
Answer: To identify children needing extra educational support.
Name the intelligence test developed by Wechsler.
Answer: WAIS (Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale)
Identify TWO abilities commonly included in definitions of intelligence.
Answer: Any two of: learning, reasoning, problem-solving, adaptation, abstract thinking.
State the main idea of the theory.
Answer: Intelligence is not one general ability but several distinct intelligences.
Define emotional intelligence.
Answer: Ability to recognise, understand, manage, and use emotions in oneself and others.
Name TWO mental abilities Binet focused on.
Answer: Reasoning, memory, attention, problem-solving (any two).
State ONE difference between WAIS and the Stanford-Binet test.
Answer: Uses deviation IQ instead of mental age / separate verbal & performance scores.
Explain why intelligence is difficult to define.
Complex, multi-faceted construct
Different cultures value different abilities
No single agreed definition
Name THREE intelligences from Gardner’s theory.
Answer: Any three of: linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, bodily-kinaesthetic, musical, interpersonal, intrapersonal, naturalistic.
Identify TWO characteristics of emotionally intelligent people.
Answer: Any two of: self-awareness, empathy, emotion regulation, social skills, adaptability.
What is mental age?
Answer: Level of intellectual functioning compared to typical performance of a specific age group.
Describe TWO key features of the Wechsler intelligence tests.
Any 2
Uses deviation IQ (comparison to same-age peers)
Includes multiple subtests
Provides verbal and performance/non-verbal scores
Produces an overall IQ score plus index scores
Designed for different age groups (WAIS, WISC, WPPSI)
Describe how intelligence involves adaptation to the environment.
Answer: Ability to adjust thinking/behaviour to new situations, learn from experience, solve unfamiliar problems.
Explain ONE intelligence using a real-life example.
Answer:
Example: Bodily-kinaesthetic — athletes/dancers use body skillfully.
Explain how emotional intelligence can improve relationships.
Better empathy
Effective communication
Conflict resolution
Understanding others’ feelings
Explain how IQ was calculated using Binet’s approach.
Answer: Mental age ÷ chronological age × 100.
What does WAIS stand for?
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
Evaluate whether intelligence is a single ability or multiple abilities, Referring to 2 theorists
Answer:
Single ability view Simon and Binet, Wescher
Multiple abilities view (e.g., Gardner)
Explain why Gardner argued traditional IQ tests do not capture all intelligences.
Answer:
Focus mainly on linguistic and logical skills
Ignore creative, social, physical, and emotional abilities
Culturally narrow
A manager remains calm under pressure and motivates their team during a crisis. Explain how this demonstrates emotional intelligence.
Emotion regulation (calmness)
Social awareness
Using emotions constructively
Leadership through empathy/motivation
Explain ONE limitation of using mental age to measure intelligence.
Answer:
Not suitable for adults
Development slows with age
Can produce misleading scores
Ignores other abilities
A psychologist administers the WAIS to an adult client and finds a large difference between their verbal comprehension score and their processing speed score. Explain what this pattern of results suggests about the client’s cognitive abilities and why the Wechsler test is useful for identifying this.
Identifies that WAIS provides separate index scores/subtests
Explains that different scores indicate uneven cognitive profile
Interprets high verbal score → strong language/reasoning abilities
Interprets low processing speed → slower information processing/working efficiency