Doing research
A ________ is a formal statement of rules on which a subject is based or an explanation of the relationship between variables.
Theory
The tendency to respond more positively to people from our ingroups than we do to people from outgroups is known as...
Ingroup favoritism/bias
Are all stereotypes negative?
No - stereotypes can be "benign" or positive ideas
What method of research allows a researcher to learn about a cultural setting by watching it and participating in it?
Participant observation
Does bias REQUIRE formal education about the mistreatment of groups/categories in society?
no - children display ingroup favoritism
What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination?
Discrimination has an action component, while prejudice is an attitude
What type of interview uses a strict script prepared ahead of time to be sure every interviewee has exactly the same experience, with minimal to no input from the interviewer?
Structured
What is the relationship between outgroup discrimination and self-esteem?
What is social categorization?
The natural cognitive process by which we place
individuals into social groups.
The "meat," or main focus, of an ethnographic report is ________: a detailed explanation of a social setting and of the lives of the people in it
Thick description
How can an individual VALIDATE their existing social identity (without having to change social perceptions of their ingroups)?
Exit the group, or pass as a different group
The negative impact on performance that is caused by the knowledge of cultural stereotypes is known as...
Stereotype threat
What is the primary belief that distinguishes qualitative scholars from quantitative scholars?
Qualitative researchers believe that reality is constructed through subjective perceptions and interpretations of reality (and therefore requires different methods and standards).
Social advocacy, social creativity, and direct competition are all methods to do what?
Improve your social identity by negotiating/challenging the ways society perceives a category as inferior.
What are the benefits and drawbacks to engaging in social categorization?
Benefits: SC is a cognitive heuristic, it makes navigating social settings and managing large amounts of information easier
Drawback: leads us to see people more as members of a group than as complex individuals