Genetics
What is the basic unit of heredity that carries genetic information?
gene
What is genetic variation?
A variety in dna sequences between individuals
What is an allele
Different versions of a gene
what are mutations
Structural changes to genes
What is asexual reproduction?
One organism reproduces
What is a genotype?
A representation of the allele pattern that codes genetic information. Bb
Long strands of DNA that contain lots of genes
Chromosomes
What is a Punnett square?
many answers
Large molecules made of amino acids
protiens
Name a type of asexual reproduction
binary fission
regeneration
What is a phenotype?
The trait a gene codes for. Like blue eyes
Give an example of variation in nature
anything
What do variations of inherited traits between parent and offspring arise from?
genetic differences that result from the subset of chromosomes (and therefore genes) inherited
Name the three effects of a mutation
harmful
beneficial
neutral
Any individual offspring produced through asexual reproduction is always:
identical to the parent
How are offspring traits determined and passed down? Which from each parent?
Offspring get a mix of dna from both parents different traits.
what is variation
The differences that occur from a mixture of genes
How would a parent with Bb pass down a recessive trait?
25% chance if reproduce with another Bb
give an example of a mutation
varies
In sexually reproducing organisms, each parent contributes _______
of the genes acquired by the offspring.
half
What is a homozygous allele pattern?
What is a heterozygous allele pattern?
BB two of same
Bb one of each
What is the difference between codominance and incomplete dominance?
Two parents have the allele pattern Bb. What is the percent of offspring who will have the recessive trait
25%
high frequency of genetic mutations that code for the production of a protein that provides resistance to a deadly disease in areas where there has been a history of that disease?
What is this type of mutation?
Beneficial
Do mutations only occur in sexually reproducing organisms?
Since errors can occur when DNA replicates itself, mutations can occur in both asexually and sexually reproducing organisms.