Renal
Most common radio-opaque urinary stones in dogs
Calcium oxalate and struvite stones
Most iron in the body is in the form of...
Hemoglobin
Its decrease indicates proximal small intestinal disease
The synthesis of thyroid hormones requires...
Iodine
The etiological agent is a spirochete
Leptospirosis
Term for a uti that recurs 10 days after discontinuing antibiotics
Relapse
Acute phase proteins
Dogs: Serum amyloid A & C-reactive protein
Cats: Serum amyloid A > haptoglobin
Disease characterized by weight loss despite a ravenous appetite, along with fetid, pale, fatty, large-volume diarrhea
Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
Thyroid hormone that acts on target cells the quickest.
T3
Dog with large bowel signs and small blue organisms in macrophages on rectal scrape
Histoplasmosis
Predisposing causes of UTI in older cats
Diabetes mellitus, Chronic kidney disease, hyperthyroidism
What is the largest component of chylomicrons
Triglycerides
Produces chronic vomiting, without apparent signs of illness, known as happy vomiters
Physaloptera
Canine hypothyroidism etiology
Lymphocytic thyroiditis
Athyroid atrophy
Epicellular bacterial parasite of feline erythrocytes that can cause hemolytic anemia
Mycoplasma haemofelis
Occurs in AKI & CKD due to reduced urine-acidifying ability of diseased kidneys
Uremic acidosis
What causes lipemic serum?
Increased triglycerides
Most common cause of obstipation in cats
Idiopathic megacolon
Adrenal glands cortex histopathologic layers ...
Zona glomerulosa (ZG)
Zona fasciculata (ZF)
Zona reticularis (ZR)
What is the most common clinical sign of borreliosis (Lyme)
Polyarthritis
Criteria for Nephrotic Syndrome
•Proteinuria
•Hypoalbuminemia
•High cholesterol
•Ascites
Vitamin deficiency in cats causing retinopathy
Taurine
Intestinal condition causing dilated and leaky lymphatic vessels, leading to protein and fat loss from the gut
Lymphangiectasia
Most important component of dka treatment
Fluid therapy
Typically acquired by drinking or swimming in water
Pythiosis
Histopath associated with Lyme-associated renal failure
Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
Refeeding syndrome electrolyte imbalances
Hypophosphatemia, hypokalemia, and hypomagnesemia
IBD negative prognostic indicators
Hypoalbuminemia
Most common cause of hypercalcemia in cats
Idiopathic
Treatment for tritrichomonas (protozoan parasite)
Ronidazole
Breeds predisposed to ammonium biurate crystalluria in the absence of hepatobiliary disease
English Bulldog and Dalmatian
Dogs with gastric outflow obstruction typically present with which chemical abnormalities?
Hypochloremia, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, high bicarbonate (metabolic alkalosis)
What is the strongest signal for acid secretion in the stomach?
Histamine > Gastrin > Food
Most potent stimulator of aldosterone secretion
K+
Disease caused by the bacterium Neorickettsia helminthoeca (Transmitted by fluke Nanophytes salmincola)
Salmon Poisoning