Infectious Diseases
Pneumonia diagnosed at least 48 hours after being on ventilator
What is the definition of VAP?
88-92%
What is the goal O2 for patients with COPD?
10 mmol/L/day
What is the maximum correction rate for hypernatremia?
140-180
What is the goal glucose level in hospitalized non-ICU patients?
Ceftriaxone + Azithromycin
What is standard CAP coverage for hospitalized patients?
Tool used to assess pre-operative risk
Revised Cardiac Risk Index (RCRI)
Increased dyspnea, increased sputum production, & change in sputum character
What are the criteria for acute COPD exacerbation?
The only evidence-proven strategy to prevent contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN)
What is IV crystalloid solution?
Side effects of prednisone
What are hyperglycemia, agitation, insomnia, gastritis, and Cushing's syndrome?
Antibiotic class commonly used to cover for non-purulent cellulitis
Cephalosporins
Medicines that have proven mortality benefit in HFrEF
What are beta-blockers, spironolactone, ACE/ARB
Troponin, BNP, ECG changes, Right heart strain
What are seen in sub-massive and massive PEs?
Anticoagulants that need to be adjusted for renal function
What are DOACs?
First line agent to treat HTN in a patient with DM or CKD
What is ACEi or ARB?
2 sets of positive blood cultures, ECHO evidence of vegetation or abscess
What are the major Duke's criteria for infective endocarditis?
AMS/stroke, heart failure (flash pulmonary edema), ACS, dissection, AKI, ALI (HELLP)
What are examples of end organ damage in HTN?
1. PaO2 ≤ 55 mm Hg or SaO2 ≤ 88%
2. PaO2 ≤ 59 mm Hg or SaO2 = 89% if evidence of cor pulmonale by EKG, ECHO
What are criteria for discharge with home oxygen?
Hypernatremia associated with low UOsm and euvolemia
What is central or nephrogenic DI?
Dialysis (PD or HD) in the past 30 days, Prior MRSA colonization or infection, Congestive heart failure, Hospitalization ≥ 2 days in previous 90 days, Use of antibiotics in previous 90 days
What are risk factors for MRSA pneumonia infection?
Type II MI
What is myocardial injury due to increased oxygen demand?
Medicine that may have benefit in preventing COPD exacerbations after 1 year
What is azithromycin?
7.37/33/17
What is an example of metabolic acidosis with respiratory compensation?
Treatment for patient with fasting glucose of 110 and Hgb A1c 5.9%
What is lifestyle modification?