Disinformation & Information Warfare
What is the primary purpose of Russia copying Western media aesthetics in its state‑run outlets?
To create a veneer of legitimacy and make propaganda appear credible.
By 2050, what percentage of the world’s population is expected to live in urban areas?
75%
Does Niblett blame only the U.S. and China for man‑made global warming?
No
What region is the only one not shrinking in net population?
Sub‑Saharan Africa
What term describes the U.S.–China rivalry shaping global politics?
Great‑power competition
Russia frequently labels its enemies as what three things to justify aggression?
Terrorists, Nazis, and Fascists.
Malthus argued that population grows geometrically while food supply grows how?
Arithmetically.
What global trend makes climate cooperation more difficult, according to Niblett?
Renewed great‑power competition
Does Eberstadt believe pro‑natal policies (“buying babies”) have a strong track record?
No
What type of threat emerges when states weaponize economic interdependence?
Geoeconomic coercion
What historical event does Putin’s regime invoke to mobilize public support for the war in Ukraine?
The memory and trauma of World War II (the “Great Patriotic War”).
Which issues does Wirtz argue cannot be solved through military force alone?
Commons issues (e.g., climate change, pandemics, resource scarcity).
Why is climate change considered a collective‑action problem?
Because no single nation can solve it alone
What does Eberstadt say will happen to Americans if the U.S. abandons the post‑WWII rules‑based order?
They will be less affluent, less secure, and worse off.
What is a major security implication of rapid urbanization?
Increased vulnerability to instability and disease.
What is the strategic goal of flooding the information space with contradictory narratives?
To create confusion and erode trust in objective truth.
Name one factor Wirtz identifies as increasing global infectious disease risk.
Land use practices, refugee movements, or flawed food production processes.
What tension does Niblett highlight between national security and climate policy?
States prioritize strategic advantage over emissions reduction.
What demographic trend is driving global depopulation?
Sustained below‑replacement fertility.
What global trend complicates intelligence collection and analysis?
Information overload and digital fragmentation.
What term describes Russia’s strategy of using media, cyber tools, and political influence to destabilize adversaries without open conflict?
Hybrid warfare
What disease does Wirtz highlight as a potential future pandemic threat?
Avian flu.
What does Niblett argue is becoming harder as geopolitical rivalry increases?
Coordinated global climate action.
What does Eberstadt argue is the biggest long‑term challenge for advanced economies?
Shrinking workforces and aging populations
What is the strategic risk of climate‑driven migration?
Destabilization of fragile states and regional conflict