The Bugs
In polymicrobial intra-abdominal infections bacteria generally communicate this way.
What are chemokines?
Typical to alcoholic patients, and results from the translocation of bacteria from peritoneal space. It is often monomicrobial.
What is primary peritonitis?
Penicillins all have very good coverage of this type of microbe.
In Intra-abdominal infections of mild to moderate severity the dose of this drug is 2g IV Q24h, given along with metronidazole 500mg IV Q8h.
What is Ceftriaxone?
In oral step down therapy this drug is dosed at 500mg PO BID and is given along with Metronidazole 500 mg PO TID.
What is ciprofloxacin?
The most common category of obligate anaerobes common to distal small intestine and large intestine.
What are Bacteroides fragilis?
Cholecystitis infects these areas.
What is biliary tree and gallbladder?
The only these cephalosporins have activity against Bacteroides.
What are cefoxitin and cefotetan?
In mild to moderately severe infections this drug is dosed at 400mg IV Q12h, give along with metronidazole 500mg IV Q8h.
What is Ciprofloxacin
In oral step down therapy this drug is given at a dose of 400 mg PO BID along with Metronidazole 500mg PO TID.
What is cefpodoxime?
It contains the largest amount of anaerobic bacteria including bacteroides, Clostridium, Klebsiella, and E. Coli.
What is the large intestine?
Occurs following a GI perforation, trauma or surgery. Typically polymicrobial.
What is secondary peritonitis?
The only carbapenem/monobactam to not have activity against P. aeruginosa.
What is Ertapenem?
In moderate to severe infections this drug is dosed at 3.375g IV Q6h.
What is piperacillin-tazobactam?
Most patients treated for intra-abdominal infections are treated for this length of time.
What is 4-7 days?
Gram negative bacteria which have similar susceptibility patterns to E. coli.
What are Klebsiella and Proteus mirabilis species?
An outpouching of colonic mucosa through a ligament that becomes infected.
What is diverticulitis?
The only fluoroquinolone to not have activity against Streptococcus.
What is Ciprofloxacin?
In moderate to severe infections this drug is dosed at 2g Q8h, and is given along with metronidazole 500mg Q8h.
What is cefepime?
Acute appendicitis with adequate source control may be treated for this length of time.
What is 24 hours?
The three categories of bacteria which should always be covered when treating for intra-abdominal infections.
What are E. coli, bacteroides fragilis, and streptococcus species?
In cholecystits, these bacteria are more common in severe or post-surgical infections.
What are anaerobes?
There fluoroquinolones have good coverage of Bacteroides.
What are Moxifloxacin and Delafloxacin?
This medication is not given empirically for intra-abdominal infections due to the likelihood that it with increase E. coli resistance.
What is ampicillin-sulbactam?
This is our assumption for infections even if only one organism grows in the culture.
What is, it is polymicrobial?