Week 1: Civil Rights Movement and History
Period of time post-Civil war when freed slaves experience democracy and political power for the first time
Reconstruction
Law that prohibited racial discrimination in voting and created legal mechanisms to protect those rights - recently in the news.
Voting Rights Act of 1965
First U.S. law to explicitly bar immigration of a specific nationality/ethnic group
Chinese Exclusion Act
Black Panther Party’s outline of policy goals
Ten Point Plan
Discriminatory practice that color-coded "hazardous" minority neighborhoods, denying them mortgages and creating lasting generational wealth gaps
Redlining
Legal order of racial discrimination and segregation roughly 1877-1960s
Jim Crow
Supreme Court case that ended the Section 4 preclearance protections
Shelby County v. Holder
Established the first numerical cap on immigration in U.S. history, quotas limited annual immigration from each country to 3% of that nationality’s US population in 1910.
Emergency Quota Act of 1921
Name for Chicano/a empowerment group/movement modeled after the Black Panthers
Brown Berets
An estimated 1 million people, the majority of them Black and Latino residents in urban neighborhoods, were displaced during construction of______
Interstate Highway System
Supreme Court case that legalized separate but equal doctrine
Plessy v. Ferguson
The VRA was extended in 1975 to include _____
"Language Minorities"
Abolished the national origins quota system and created a new preference system with two main pillars: Family reunification and Skills/labor
1965 Immigration Act
Student movement led by Chicano/a students in East LA
School Blowouts
Term for when white residents leave neighborhoods in droves as minority residents move in
White Flight
Supreme Court case that overturned separate but equal doctrine
Brown v. Board of Education
Some contemporary efforts at restricting votes include placing holds on registration, closing polling places, and _______
purging voter rolls
Name for Trump policy in 2018 to prosecute all illegal border crossing including child separation policy as deterrence - “Cruelty is the point”
Zero Tolerance
Former prison occupied by indigenous activists in effort to enforce treaty rights for Native Americans
Alcatraz
Race being the most significant predictor of a person living near contaminated air, water, or soil is an example of _______
Environmental Racism
Term for belief that certain races were not biologically suited for self-governance/biologically inferior
Scientific Racism
Ways votes were restricted before the VRA included threats, intimidating, poll taxes and _______
literacy tests
Covid-era immigration policy named for the provision in the Public Health Service Act of 1944 that authorizes the U.S. government to restrict the entry of individuals into the country during public health emergencies
Title 42
Treaty that ended the Mexican-American War and invoked by Chicano/a activists
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Legal power to seize property for public use, which targeted non-white neighborhoods deemed ‘blighted’ by planners
Eminent Domain