All Animals
Are all animals heterotrophs or autotrophs?
Heterotrophs
Which phylum includes squid, octopus, clams, and snails?
Mollusca
What are the rapid, early cell divisions in an embryo called?
Cleavage
What is a coelom?
A body cavity in the mesoderm
Which directional term means “nearer to the midline?”
Medial
Are all animals eukaryotes or prokaryotes?
Eukaryotes
Which phylum name means “spiny skin?”
Echinodermata
What is the middle layer of the gastrula in a triploblast called?
Mesoderm
What do we call an animal in which the blastopore became a mouth?
Protostome
Is the neck of a cow cranial or caudal?
Cranial
What are two things that plant cells have that animal cells lack?
Cell wall & chloroplasts
Which phylum includes roundworms?
Nematoda
DOUBLE JEAPORY!
Most animals develop from a fertilized egg. What is one example of an animal that can also reproduce asexually? What is their asexual reproduction called?
Sponges (budding)
Sea stars (fragmentation)
Bees or wasps (parthenogenesis)
What do we call an animal that developed a “false” coelom between the endoderm and mesoderm?
Pseudocoelomate
Which directional term means “towards the belly?”
Ventral
What is an example of how the structure of a specialized cell allows it to perform a certain function?
Nerve cell branches to send messages
Muscle cell is long & skinny to contract and relax
Which phylum name means “little ring?”
Annelida
How many cells does an embryo have to be to be considered a blastula?
Over 100
What is one example of an acoelomate?
Platyhelminthes
Is the knee proximal or distal compared to the hip?
Distal
What are the levels of organization (starting with cell) that most animals have in their body from smallest to largest?
Cell – tissue – organ – organ system – organism
How many phyla of animals are currently recognized?
30+
(we just focus on the 9 major ones)
What are two examples of diploblastic animals?
Porifera (sponges) & Cnidaria (jellyfish, sea anemones, coral)
What is the advantage of having a coelom?
The coelom provides room for more complex organs to grow
What is the special directional term for towards the nose/beak/muzzle?
Rostral