Basics of bonding
What is a chemical bond?
A force of attraction that holds atoms together
What is electronegativity?
The ability of an atom to attract electrons
What happens to electrons in a covalent bond?
They are shared
What is an ion?
A charged atom
What is a compound?
Two or more elements chemically combined
Why do atoms bond?
To become stable (full valence shell / octet rule)
What type of bond forms when ΔEN < 0.5?
Nonpolar covalent
What happens to electrons in an ionic bond?
They are transferred
What is a cation?
A positively charged ion (loses electrons)
How many atoms are in H₂O?
3 atoms
What is the octet rule?
Atoms gain, lose, or share electrons to have 8 valence electrons
What type of bond forms when ΔEN is 0.5–2?
Polar covalent
What types of elements form covalent bonds?
Nonmetal + nonmetal
What is an anion?
A negatively charged ion (gains electrons)
Using the criss cross method what is the formula for aluminum and oxygen
Al₂O₃
Why are noble gases unreactive?
They already have full valence shells (stable)
Magnesium has an electronegativity of 1.2 and oxygen has an electronegativity of 3.5. What type of bond will they form?
IONIC
What types of elements form ionic bonds?
Metal + nonmetal
A negatively charged ion (gains electrons)
The charge of an ion
What is the name of Be3N2
Beryllium Nitride
What determines how atoms bond?
The behavior of valence electrons
Which atom in a bond has stronger electronegativity: Na or Cl? Why?
Cl = more protons leading to stronger pull in e- in a chemical bond
Which type of compound has high melting points and conducts electricity in water? Why?
Ionic compounds
+ and - charges of elements in the compound allow for electricity to flow and a strong chemical bond
What is the charge of Group 17 elements?
1-
Using the lewis structure method write the formula for calcium and nitrogen.
You don't need to write the ionic lewis structure.
Ca₃N₂