The set of norms and values among prison inmates is called:
The prison code
100
The discouragement or prevention of crimes through the fear of punishment is called:
Deterrence
Daily Double Question: name and define the two types of deterrence
100
Sentences served one after the other are called:
Consecutive sentences
100
A philosophy of correctional treatment that embraces decentralization of authority, citizen participation, redefinition of the population for whom incarceration is the most appropriate, and places an emphasis on rehabilitation through community programs is called:
Community corrections
100
Adult offenders are known as criminals, juvenile offenders are known as:
Delinquents
200
It is generally accepted that drug and alcohol treatment in prison:
Causes recidivism to decrease
200
Restorative Justice is especially concerned with repairing the harm to the:
Victim
200
A special court that is given responsibility to handle cases involving drug-addicted offenders is called:
Drug Court
200
While African Americans make up 12% of the US Population, they make up ___ of the prison population?
41%
200
Currently, the predominant method of execution in the United States is:
Lethal injection
300
Prison populations have increased in the United States because of:
1. Get tough on crime laws
2. The War on Drugs
3. The fact that parole authorities are reluctant to release inmates
4. All of the above
4. All of the above
300
Payments made by a criminal offender to his or her victim as compensation for the harm caused by the offense are called:
Restitution
300
An executive act that legally excuses a convicted offender from a criminal penalty is called a:
Pardon
300
The process of subdividing the inmate population into meaningful categories to match offender needs with correctional resources is called:
Classification
300
All of the following are characteristics of women prisoners except:
1. Black
2. Aged 25-34
3. Not employed at time of arrest
4. Non-recidivist
4. Non-recidivist
400
The main catalyst for privatizing correctional institutions is:
Prison overcrowding
400
The goals of sentencing reform include all of the following except:
1. Increase retribution
2. Increase fairness
3. Lessen discrimination
4. Limit discretion
1. Increase retribution
400
"Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted" is the _____ Amendment:
Eighth
400
A medium-security correctional setting that resident offenders are permitted to leave regularly, unaccompanied by staff, for work, for education, or vocational programs, or for treatment in the community is called:
Residential community center
400
All of the following statements are true about women's institutions except:
1. Many more women head these institutions now than 40 years ago
2. Conditions in women's institutions are similar across the nation
3. Most states have only one institution for women
4. Most women's institutions house all classification levels
2. Conditions in women's institutions are similar across the nation
500
African Americans comprise about 12% of the US population, but about 40% of the prison population. This phenomena is referred to as:
Disproportionate Minority Confinement
500
A financial penalty used as a criminal sanction is called a:
Fine
500
The Supreme Court ruled in ___________________ that it was unconstitutional and a violation of the Eighth Amendment's ban on cruel and unusual punishment to execute people for crimes that were committed before turning age 18:
Roper v. Simmons
500
Which of the following statements is NOT true about the characteristics of male prisoners in the US?
1. Generally undereducated
2. Generally underemployed
3. 2/3 belong to minority racial and ethnic groups
4. Most are from rural areas
4. Most are from rural areas
500
Elderly inmates are more likely to have committed all of the following crimes except:
1. Homicide
2. Manslaughter
3. Robbery
4. Sexual offenses