This amount of adults in the US are currently under the supervision of the CJ system.
What are 7million?
100
The discretionary release of an offender before the expiration of his or her sentence under conditions established by the releasing authority is:
What is parole?
100
This philosophy is driving community-based corrections
What is reintegrative
100
The 1830 Massachusetts case of Commonwealth v. Chase is cited as an early example of this.
What is release on recognizance?
100
Any activity or program that is conducted to prepare parolees to return safely to the community and to live as law abiding citizens is known as this.
What is prisoner reentry?
200
Truth-in-sentencing laws require offenders to serve at least this amount of their original sentence length before becoming eligible for release.
What is 85%?
200
Under the medical model, the court set a minimum and maximum release date and the parole board determined when the appropriate time was to release the offender back into the community. This is referred to as a(n) ______sentence.
What is an indeterminate sentence?
200
This is the most commonly used dependent variable when the effectiveness of treatment programs is evaluated.
What is recidivism?
200
In August 1841, a Boston citizen bailed out a "common drunkard" by permission of the Boston Police Court and helped the man with a drinking problem before returning to court with him three weeks later. This man later became known as the "Father of Probation."
Who was John Augustus?
200
A different [philosophy of corrections has emerged in recent years which is centered on the victim and emphasizes offender responsibility to repair the injustice the offender has caused. This philosophy is known as:
What is Restorative Justice?
300
Each year, approximately this amount of state and federal prisoners are released from prison on supervision.
What is 800,000?
300
Community service, house arrest, day fines, and boot camps are examples of this type of sanction.
What is an intermediate sanction?
300
This geographic region of the country has the highest concentration of parolees in the U S population.
What is the Northeast?
300
Statewide probation was sanctified by statute in this state in 1878.
What is Massachusetts?
300
The idea behind this is to integrate a punishment that is consistent with affecting an offender's dignity.
What is shaming?
400
65% of state and federal prison systems and 44%of city/county jails have this type of parole release policy, but few states utilize this option.
What is medical parole/release?
400
Community-based corrections offers a diversity of sentencing options not resulting in incarceration from which judges may choose. These are known as ________ sanctions.
What are front-end sanctions?
400
The CJ system is guided by formal written laws (politics), codes and statutes and also by informal ___________.
What is discretion?
400
Rhode Island, unlike Massachusetts and Vermont, adopted this type of probation system.
What is statewide?
400
The public demands correctional programs that satisfy both ___________ and public safety objectives.
What is punishment?
500
The vast majority of probationers have been sentenced for this type off offense, followed by property offenses, with less than 20%of probationers sentenced for a violent offense.
What is a drug / alcohol violation?
500
The release of an offender under conditions imposed by the court for a specified period of time during which the court retains the authority to modify the conditions or to resentence the offender if he or she violates the condition.
What is probation?
500
At this time, the presentence investigation report should be conducted.
What is after the adjudication of guilt?
500
At one time in this country, more than 200 crimes were punishable by death including many relatively minor property offenses.
What is England?
500
Using an intermediate sanction as a stiffer punishment for offenders who would have ordinarily been sentenced to probation or other lesser sanctions.