Structure of DNA
What is the name of the DNA structure?
Double Helix Structure
What are amino acids?
Molecules that combine to form proteins.
They are coded for by codons (a sequence of three consecutive nucleotides in a DNA or RNA molecule that codes for a specific amino acid)
What is the name of the structure of RNA?
What is the full form of DNA?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What are the 4 DNA bases and how do they pair up?
adenine - thymine
guanine - cytosine
What does the DNA code for?
Proteins
What are the bases present in RNA
cytosine
uracil
adenine
gunaine
What is the full form of RNA?
Ribonucleic Acid
Hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases
Covalent bonds in the sugar - phosphate backbone
What is the genome?
The complete set of DNA in an organism
DNA has deoxyribose sugar (one less oxygen)
RNA has ribose sugar
What is the diameter of a DNA structure?
2 nm
What makes the backbone of a DNA?
Deoxyribose Sugar and a Phosphate Molecule
What is genetic mutation?
A change in the sequence of DNA
What does the RNA do?
It creates proteins through translation
What is a chromosome?
A chromosome is a package of DNA with part or all of the genetic material of an organism.
Who is credited with the discovery of DNA’s double helix structure?
James Watson and Francis Crick
How are genes passed onto an offspring
DNA replicates during Cell Division.
The egg and sperm each have one half of a set of chromosomes. The egg and sperm together give the baby the full set of chromosomes.
One half of the genes come from the mother, and the other from the father.
What are the names of the types of RNA
mRNA
tRNA
rRNA
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
23