DNA
Genes
Chromosomes
Meiosis
Mitosis
100

DNA is shaped like a twisted ladder. This shape is called a ______.


Double Helix

100

the passing of traits from parent to offspring

Heredity

100

structure that holds the sister chromatids together; point where chromosomes attach to spindle fibers during mitosis

Centormere


100

How many chromosomes does the offspring have after meiosis? 

23 chromosomes 

100

How many chromosomes do the offspring have after mitosis? 

46 chromosomes

200

A molecule of DNA that is wrapped tightly around structural proteins 

Chromosome 

200

distinguishing quality or characteristics of a person

Trait

200

chromosomes that have the similar size and same genes.

homologous chromosomes 

200

microtubules that guide the movement of chromosomes during cell division

spindle fibers 


200

What type of cells are made during mitosis?

two body cells

300

A long molecule that stores the genetic code with instructions needed to produce proteins for an organism to develop and function. 

Deoxyribonucleic acid 

300

each genes come in different forms called _____

Alleles


300

having two sets of chromosomes (2n)

Diploid


300

Unlike mitosis, meiosis includes this number of cell divisions.


What are two cell divisions?


300

During this stage of mitosis, chromosomes line up across the middle of the cell.

What is metaphase?

400

A segment of DNA located on a chromosome that is a set of directions for certain kinds of proteins

Gene 

400


When two different alleles are present, this allele determines the trait that is observed.





What is the dominant allele?

400

thread-like form of DNA in the nucleus of the cell interphase and cytokines

Chromatin


400

What type of cells are made during meiosis?

four gamete cells

400

If a parent cell has 16 chromosomes before mitosis, each daughter cell will contain this many chromosomes after mitosis.

What is 16 chromosomes?

500

What is a nucleotide made up of?

nitrogen base, phosphate group, and deoxyribose (a sugar molecule)


500


A change in a gene’s DNA sequence that may affect the protein it produces is called this.




What is a mutation?


500

the process where homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange genetic material to form new chromosomes 

crossing over 

500

These two processes during meiosis create genetically different gametes by exchanging DNA and randomly separating homologous chromosome pairs.

Crossing-Over and independent Assortment


500


Mitosis is important for these three major processes in multicellular organisms.



What are growth, repair, and replacement of damaged or worn-out cells?