Nervous System
The primary cell that builds all the structures of the nervous system
What is a Neuron?
An action potential travels along this structure until it reaches the axon terminal
the Axon
The three main parts of the brain
What are the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem?
Salivating at the smell of food is an example of what type of conditioning?
What is classical conditioning?
The idea that organisms best adapted to their environment survive and reproduce.
What is natural selection?
The main three parts of the nervous system
What are the Brain, Spinal cord, and Nerves?
What does the Somatic divison of the nervous system conrol?
Voluntary movement of the body
Area in the frontal lobe responsible for language
What is Broca's area?
Getting extra screen time for finishing chores is an example of what?
What is positive reinforcement?
Darwin discovered birds with different beak shapes on the Galápagos called this
What are finches?
Two subdivisions of the Autonomic Nervous System--and the function of each
What is the Sympathetic "Fight of Flight" Parasympathetic Division- "rest and digest"
A dendrite is responsible for this
What is receive neurotransmitters from another neuron's axon terminal?
The emotional "fear center" of the brain
What is the amygdala?
The gradual disappearance of a conditioned response is called what?
What is extinction?
Structures that are similar in organisms but have different functions
What are homologous structures?
The two main functions of the Myelin Sheath on an axon?
What are speed up nerve impulses and insulate?
Name the gaps between the myelin sheaths on the axon?
nodes of ranvier
The structure in the brainstem that regulates heart rate and breathing
What is the medulla?
This persons personality changed after he was impaled by a railroad spike
Who is Phineas Gage?
Said organisms could evolve through acquired traits
Who is Lamarck?
An axon terminal hold these inside small vesicles
What are neurotransmitters?
What process describes the action potential “jumping” from node to node?
What is saltatory conduction?
The pathway that is connected directly to the frontal lobe and rewards higher level thinking and planning
What is the mesocortical pathway?
Name six neurotransmitters
What are serotonin, adrenaline, dopamine, GABA, acetylcholine, and glutmate?
This part of the brain acts as a relay station for the brain after it receives sensory information
What is the thalamus?