memory and perception
What is the term for failing to notice something obvious due to lack of attention?
Inattentional blindness
What is it called when you change your behavior to match a group?
Conformity
What is a mental grouping of similar objects called?
Concept
What is the emotional bond between infant and caregiver called?
Attachment
What disorder is characterized by persistent sadness and loss of interest?
Depression
What is the “misinformation effect”?
Memory distortion from misleading information after an event
In Asch’s studies, what type of influence caused conformity due to wanting to fit in?
Normative social influence
What theory says categories are based on an “average” example?
Prototype theory
Who r the best psych TAS
Molly and grace
What disorder involves alternating manic and depressive episodes?
Bipolar disorder
What is one of the “sins of memory” involving being influenced by misleading information?
Suggestibility
What did Milgram’s experiment primarily study?
Obedience to authority
What is the “basic level” category (give an example)?
Most natural level (e.g., “chair” vs. “furniture”)
What is the difference between phonemes and morphemes?
Phonemes = sounds; morphemes = meaning units
What are “positive symptoms” of schizophrenia?
Hallucinations, delusions
What is the difference between top-down and bottom-up processing?
Bottom-up = sensory input → brain; Top-down = expectations → perception
What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination?
Prejudice = attitude; discrimination = behavior
What is the difference between prototype and exemplar theories?
Prototype = average; exemplar = specific examples
What attachment style is marked by anxiety and inconsistency?
Anxious attachment
How does CBT treat psychological disorders?
Changes maladaptive thoughts → behaviors
Why is eyewitness testimony unreliable? Name at least two psychological mechanisms.
Misinformation effect, bias, reconstructive memory, leading questions, etc.
Explain one factor that increases obedience in Milgram’s study and why.
Authority presence, proximity, gradual escalation, etc.
Why are categories both necessary and problematic for thinking?
Necessary for efficiency but lead to bias/stereotyping
Is language innate or learned? Give one argument for each side.
Chomsky (innate) vs. learning/statistical exposure
Why does Lilienfeld argue psychology must guard against pseudoscience?
Human bias → need scientific safeguards; pseudoscience lacks evidence