Conditioning and Learning
Which type of learning do we associate responses with their consequences?
What is Operant Conditioning.
What are the 3 basic processes of memory?
Encoding, storage, retrieval.
Theorists posit that problem finding is the first step in __________ thinking.
The id, ego, and superego are key components in which approach to studying personality?
What is Psychoanalytic or psychodynamic.
Natural and man-made disasters, war, rape, and violence would all be considered __________ stressors.
Traumatic.
A _________ is best interpreted as a conditioned emotional response.
What is a phobia.
Which one of these is NOT a declarative memory?
1.) Remembering your address
2.) Knowing the alphabet
3.) Reciting the capitals of all 50 states
4.) Breathing
4.) Breathing
When you form a picture-like mental representation of something, you are creating an __________.
Image or imagery.
What are the four approaches mentioned in the text when studying personality?
Humanistic, Trait, Psychodynamic, Social and Behavioral Learning
This term describes physical or mental collapse caused by overwork or stress?
What is Burnout.
At your new job, the boss buys all of his / her employees lunch on the 1st of each month. What type of reinforcement schedule would this be?
When discussing long-term memory, we normally split up declarative memory into 2 categories. What are they?
Semantic and Episodic memories.
If you are learning the rules for the ordering of words to form sentences in a language, then you are learning about what aspect of that language?
Syntax
Which perspective of personality would describe it as a collection of learned patterns of behavior?
Behaviorists / Behavioral Learning
This term is associated with depression and is characterized by an individual "giving up" because a person suffers from a sense of powerlessness, arising from a traumatic event or persistent failure to succeed?
What is Learned Helplessness
This technique gradually exposes a person to a feared stimulus while they are relaxed?
What is Systematic Desensitization.
In class, I had several students come to the board and try to draw the face of a penny. Even though you have seen a penny hundreds, if not thousands of times, the drawings were extremely inaccurate. This memory error is mainly due to an error in the ________ stage.
What is encoding.
When a person has an unusual visual experience (e.g., like seeing colors) when they hear music, this is called _______________.
Synesthesia
Extroversion, openness to experience, neuroticism, conscientiousness, and agreeableness
What is the scale used to measure the impact of negative or unhappy life events?
This type of learning is described as the effects of modeling and imitating of others?
What is observational learning.
When reviewing vocabulary for your psychology final, you create an unusual, vivid story that helps you remember the definitions of several terms. This LTM strategy is called ________ __________?
What is elaborative processing or rehearsal.
The idea that the words we use not only reflect our thoughts but can shape them as well is known as the ________ __________ ____________.
The linguistic relativity hypothesis.
Name two tests that are used to examine personality from a psychodynamic perspective?
What are the Rorschach and Thematic Apperception Test.
These types of disorders are those in which physiological damage is caused by psychological stress?
What are psychosomatic disorders.