Introduction to Psych
________ is defined as the scientific study behavior and mental processes.
Psychology
Psychologists use this to study mind and behavior objectively and systematically.
scientific method
____ research is used to study the brain and other parts of the nervous system.
1. Traditional
2. Psychological
3. Biological
4. Clinical
3. Biological
The cluster of fibers at one end of a neuron that receives messages from other neurons are called
1. axons.
2. terminal buttons.
3. glial fibers.
4. dendrites.
4. dendrites
The two major divisions of the nervous system are the ____.
1. anterior and posterior
2. central and peripheral
3. chemical and mechanical
4. brain and spinal cord
2. central and peripheral
Seo-yeon is a psychologist. In one of her experiments, she shows her subjects an image of an infant playing with a puppy and asks them to describe what they experienced when viewing the image. What is this?
Introspection
Which of the following sequences is correct?
1. operational definition → hypothesis → theory
2. operational definition → theory → hypothesis
3. hypothesis → theory → operational definition
4. theory → hypothesis → operational definition
The control group in an experiment is the group in which participants ____.
1. do not receive the dependent variable
2. receive the DV
3. receive no treatment
4. receive the IV
3. receive no treatment
Which of the following structures is especially important for carrying messages received by the dendrites to other neurons?
1. the myelin sheath
2. endorphins
3. axons
4. glial cells
3. axons
The __________ is a subdivision of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) responsible for arousing the body and mobilizing its energy during times of stress.
1. somatic nervous system
2. parasympathetic nervous system
3. sympathetic nervous system
4. central nervous system
3. sympathetic nervous system
John believes "The only legitimate source of information for psychologists is behavior that can be observed directly." What perspective does John likely to endorse?
behaviorism
Cause and effect conclusions can be drawn from ___ studies.
1. experimental
2. descriptive
3. correlational
4. case
1. experimental
____ are manipulated; ____ are measured.
1. Dependent variables; independent variables
2. Surveys, experiments
3. Statistics; correlations
4. IV's; DV's
4. IV's; DV's
Which of the following statements are true concerning neural communication?
A. Messages travel electrically from one point to another within the neuron.
B. Messages are transmitted chemically between neurons.
C. Both a and b are true.
D. Neither a nor b is true.
C. Both a and b are true.
__________psychology examines how people grow and change from conception through death.
developmental psychology
Simone is doing research with head injury victims who are in physical therapy. She believes that the addition of music to their physical therapy routine will enable them to better coordinate their motor skills. She randomizes the patients into two groups. Group A will get the regular physical therapy sessions. Group B will get the identical physical therapy sessions while listening to music. What is the independent variable? 1. physical therapy 2. music 3. motor skills 4. type of head injury
2. music
Cells that provide structural, nutritional, and other support for the neuron, as well as communication within the nervous system, are called __________ cells.
A. glial
B. excitatory
C. neurotransmitter
D. endocrine
A. glial
The peripheral nervous system _____.
1. is composed of the spinal cord and peripheral nerves
2. is less important than the central nervous system
3. is contained within the skull and spinal column
4. includes all the nerves and neurons outside of the brain and spinal cord
4. includes all the nerves and neurons outside of the brain and spinal cord
__________psychology argues that behavior is motivated by inner forces and conflicts about which we have little awareness or control.
psychodynamic/psychoanalytic
A study randomized school-aged children into either a small class or a large class. When tested years later, children who had spend their K-3 years in small classes scored better on all tests of academic performance than did the students in larger classes. What is the dependent variable? 1. small class size 2. large class size 3. academic performance 4. none of the above
3. academic performance
Experimenter bias refers to ______. 1. intentional subtle cues given by a researcher that lead a subject to guess what the correct response should be 2. experimenters that unintentionally let their beliefs and expectations influence the results of a study 3. the experimenter's belief that his or her study results are more accurate than any other study's results 4. the tendency of experimenters to unintentionally report their results in a manner which always supports their hypotheses
2. experimenters that unintentionally let their beliefs and expectations influence the results of a study
The rule that neurons are either on or off is known as the________ law.
1. intensity of stimulus
2. graded action
3. all-or-none
4. incremental transformational
3. all-or-none
The thalamus may be likened to a(n)
1. amplifier.
2. receiver.
3. filter.
4. relay station.
4. relay station