Intro to Radiation Physics: Tutorial #1

Atomic Building Blocks

100

The term used to describe something that occupies space and has mass.

What is Matter?

200

The central core or nucleus of an atom is comprised of these two types of particles.

What are protons and neutrons?

300

The number of protons present in an atom that has a net charge of zero and 50 electrons in its outer cloud.

What is 50?

400

Place these particles in order of size from smallest to largest:

Proton, Electron, Neutron, Positron

What is:

Positron, Electron, Neutron, Proton

Note: Protons and Neutrons are roughly the same size, while electrons and positrons are really, really small.

500

It's rest mass is 1.00727 amu.

What is a proton?

AL's Important Stuff

100

Fill in the blank:  

The formula E = mc² tells us the energy corresponding to a mass (m) that is _ _  _ _ _ _.

What is "at rest"?

200

It's the energy gained by one electron when it moves through the potential difference of one volt.

What is an electron volt (eV)?

300

The number of Joules in one eV.

What is 1.60217653(14) x 10^-19 J?

400

The term that refers to the rest mass or rest velocity.

What is relativistic?

500

Fill in the missing parts of the formulas below:

Energy = (__)c²

m_xc² = (______) + m₀c²

m_x = m₀ / (_______)

What are:

Energy = (m)c²

m_xc² = (KE) + m₀c²

m_x = m₀ / (√1-(v/c)²)

Ionizing Radiation and Forces

100

The type of DNA break that occurs when ionizing particles deposit energy in a cancer cell.

What is a double stranded break?

200

The term used to describe DNA damage to a cancer cell that results in a cancer cell losing its ability to reproduce.

What is cell kill?

300

This force involves charged particles, obeys the inverse square law, and is associated with this formula:

F=k((q¹q²)/r²))

What is the electromagnetic force?

400

This force involves protons and neutrons, and is charge-independent.

What is the strong nuclear force?

500

This force is the weakest and most common; it also depends on mass.

What is the gravitational force?

The Charged Particle Mingle

100

This type of radiation is comprised of charged particles and produce an ion by collision with an atom.

What is directly ionizing radiation?

200

This type of radiation involved uncharged particles, and interact with matter to produce directly ionizing particles.

What is Indirectly Ionizing Radiation?

300

This collisional interaction involves an incoming high speed electron interacting with an inner orbital electron, promoting the electron to a higher shell.

HINT: The opposite of 'bohring'...lol.

What is excitation?

400

This type of x-ray emission occurs when nuclei deflect incident electrons.

What is Bremsstrahlung?

500

This particle is more rare than an electron, is sparsely ionizing, creates straight tracks and produces a Bragg peak.

What are Protons?

SPRLing Questions (Stopping Power, Range, LET)

100

This term describes the linear density of generated charge, and depends on particle charge, velocity and the medium; it generally peaks just before a particle comes to rest.

What is the specific ionization?

200

This is the forumula for stopping power.

What is:

SP=(W)(SI)   

(where SP is stopping power, W is work, and SI is Specific Ionization.)

300

This is the formula for calculating the range of electrons in water.

What is:

Range=Energy/2

Where Energy is measured in MeV.

400

This term describes the energy transferred per distance travelled.

What is Linear Energy Transfer?

500

Linear Energy Transfer is directly proportional to these two properties.

What are Mass and Charge?