Recognizing Rhetoric
What type of audience does a rhetorical message target?
What is PUBLIC?
Greek philosopher credit with creating the syllogism, as well as the concepts of logos, ethos, and pathos.
Who is Aristotle?
What makes up the discursive symbols of a visual message.
What are words or numbers in the message?
A model for recognizing the logic in a rhetorical message that includes claim, data, warrant, rebuttal, and backing.
What is the Toulmin Model?
Value-free language or the stance of critique that avoids emotional response in favor of a response based on evidence.
What is balcony language or stance?
The honor pledge embodies this characteristics in its combination of image, color, and text.
What are VERBAL and NONVERBAL symbols?
The visual tool we were using when we analyzed the way King and Manson's photos demanded comparison and contrast.
What is SYNTACTICS?
Words that limit claims to make them reasonable, such as "probably" and "likely."
What are QUALIFIERS?
A key part of the "description" phase of critique, in which the critic examines the who, what, when, where, and why of a message, and considers its place in a chain of messaging.
What is CONTEXT?
The trait or characteristic embodied in a President's choice to refer to a foreign country as "neighbor," "ally," or "evil empire," which may impact how others regard those countries and how leaders mold foreign policy.
What is SHAPES THE WAY PEOPLE THINK, ACT, BELIEVE, and FEEL?
A type of logical argument that reasons from enough evidence that a probable conclusion can be drawn. When this type of logic is weak because there isn't enough evidence, we call it "leaping to a conclusion."
What is INDUCTIVE reasoning?
The visual function represented in a photograph of the Marlboro man smoking a limp cigarette (imitating impotence) in an anti-smoking message
What is PARODY?
A statement or audience assumption that creates a logical bridge between the claim and evidence. When the Surgeon General issues a warning about cigarettes, for example, the audience will only accept her claim if they believe she is credible.
What is WARRANT?
What we do when we look at the relationship among the parts of a message, ask questions, and look for what's missing as well as what's there
What is ANALYSIS?
The color pink and symbols used in the month of October to create awareness for the high numbers of breast cancer patients and need for money is an example of this trait.
What is RESPONDS to SOCIAL CONCERN?
The part of a syllogism that must be proven, with clear language and valid reasoning.
What is MINOR PREMISE?
A presentational symbol that looks like what it represents, such as a crucifix or a statue of Jefferson
What is ICON?
Bringing something to the audience's mind to help them form the same conclusions as the rhetor.
What is CREATING PRESENCE?
The step of critique represented in this statement:
"The message has sound logic, which makes it probable and therefore effective."
What is EVALUATION?
Rhetoric is always purposeful but not always ______. (For example, male voices used to sign Disney songs "The Itsy Bitsy Spider" and "One-Two, Buckle My Shoe" but female voice used for "I'm a Little Teapot" may reinforce a stereotype that domestic activities are for girls, while spiders are for boys.
What is INTENTIONAL?
Two elements that combine to create strong ethos.
What are COMPETENCE and CHARACTER?
The branch of the visual approach concerned with looking for "behaviors in people associated with particular kinds of visual messages within similar contexts." Examines how messages get people's attention as well as how they're designed to appeal to emotion.
What is PRAGMATICS?
What is CREATING COGNITIVE DISSONANCE?
The step of critique that makes sense of patterns by examining them through a theoretical lens.
What is INTERPRETATION?