Introduction to Archaeology

Artifacts& Ecofacts

100

What is an Artifact?

Any portable object made, modified, or used by humans)

200

What is an example of an ecofact?

animal bones, plant remains

300

Which of the following is NOT an example of an artifact: a mountain, a stone tool, a historical building, a cave painting?

a mountain 

400

What is the significance of the study of ecofacts in archaeology?

They provide information about past environments and human interaction with them

500

Which type of analysis is NOT used in archaeology: ceramic analysis, faunal analysis, cartography, lithic analysis?

Cartography

DatingMethods

100

Which method relies on the decay of radioactive isotopes to date objects?

Carbon-14 dating 

200

What is dendrochronology?

The study of tree rings for dating purposes)

300

What is absolute dating?

A method used to determine the exact age of artifacts in calendar years

400

 Which dating method uses the analysis of pottery styles to create a chronological sequence?

Seriation

500

What is the law of superposition in stratigraphy?

Older layers of sediment are found below younger layers

FamousArchaeologists

100

Who conducted the first problem-oriented scientific excavation in North America?

Thomas Jefferson

200

Which archaeologist is famous for the discovery of King Tutankhamun's tomb?

Howard Carter

300

Who is known for pioneering the use of scientific methods in New Archaeology during the 1960s?

Lewis Binford

400

Which archaeologist's work helped establish Cultural Resource Management (CRM)?

Alfred V. Kidder

500

Who was the archaeologist that played a significant role in deciphering Maya hieroglyphs?

Tatiana Proskouriakoff

Stratigraphy & Typology

100

What is typology in archaeology?

The classification of things according to their physical characteristics)

200

What is stratigraphy used for in archaeology?

To understand the context location, and sequence of human activity over time

300

What is the law of superposition?

Older layers of sediment are found below younger layers

400

Which principle is used to analyze cultural evolution by comparing material remains?

Typology

500

What is an example of a stratigraphic disturbance?

Tree roots displacing artifacts or layer